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Terms related with reflection - class-X

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The phenomenon of light coming back after hitting a smooth plane surface is:

  1. reflection

  2. refraction

  3. dispersion

  4. total internal reflection


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Reflection is defined as the optical phenomenon where light rays come back after hitting a smooth surface.

.......... occurs when a light ray bounces back from a barrier.

  1. Refraction

  2. Reflection

  3. Dispersion

  4. Scattering


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Reflection occurs when a light ray bounces back from a barrier.

A ray of light which bounces off the surface of mirror is called :

  1. Normal

  2. Incident ray

  3. Reflected ray

  4. Irregular ray


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A ray of light which bounces off the surface of mirror is called reflected ray.

Who amongst the following used corpuscular theory to explain reflection and refraction of light ?

  1. Newton

  2. Maxwell

  3. Young

  4. Hertz


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Newton used corpuscular theory to explain reflection and refraction of light. According to Sir Isaac Newton's Corpuscular Theory a luminous body continuously emits tiny, light and elastic particles called corpuscles in all directions. When these particles fall on the retina of the eye, they produce the sensation of vision.


This theory could explain a number of phenomena concerning light like rectilinear propagation, reflection and refraction. Reflection was explained by assuming that the corpuscles which fall on a smooth surface would bounce back like rubber balls hitting a wall. When this theory was used to explain refraction scientists found that the velocity of light in a denser medium would be more than that in a rarer medium.

A perpendicular drawn at the point of incidence of a light ray on the surface of a mirror is called -

  1. incident ray

  2. reflected ray

  3. normal

  4. none of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Normal is perpendicular drawn to the surface at the point of incidence so that angle between incident ray and normal is angle of incidence.

State whether true or false.
The line drawn perpendicular to the mirror at the point of incidence is called the reflected ray.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Normal is the line drawn perpendicular to the surface of the mirror at the point of incidence. 

When light moving in one medium falls at the surface of another medium, _______ light returns back to the same medium.

  1. all of

  2. a part of 

  3. no

  4. either all or no 


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Light moving in one medium when falls at the surface of another medium, part of light returns to the same medium. Some part is transmitted and the rest is absorbed.  No material is a perfect reflector. Almost all surfaces absorb some part of light.

The light ray which comes out from the surface after reflection is called:

  1. incident ray

  2. reflected ray

  3. normal ray

  4. emergent ray


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The ray of light which gets reflected from a polished surface is called reflected ray of light.

State whether true or false.
A ray of light which emerges after bouncing off the surface of a mirror is called an incident ray.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The ray of light which emerges after bouncing off the surface of a mirror is reflected ray.

When a beam of light, from an object, appears to meet at a point after reflection from a mirror, then the image formed is known as :

  1. real image

  2. virtual image

  3. incident image

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

According to definition, when a beam of light appears to meet at a point, after reflection, from a mirror then the image formed is known as virtual image. It cannot be obtained on a screen.

The perpendicular drawn to the surface of the mirror at the point of incidence is known as:

  1. reflected ray

  2. refracted ray

  3. incident ray

  4. normal ray


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

According to definition, the perpendicular drawn to the surface of the mirror at the point of incidence is known as normal ray.

If you touch your _____ ear with right hand in front of a plane mirror it will be seen in the mirror that your right ear is touched with _____ hand.
  1. right, left

  2. left, left

  3. right, right

  4. left, right


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Plane mirror shows lateral inversion. Left appears right and right appears left.

One feature of image formed by plane mirrors is lateral inversion which means:

  1. the top part of the image appears downward and vice versa

  2. left and right sides of the image are interchanged

  3. image appears inverted both sideways and upside down

  4. all the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When a mirror forms an image, the left and right sides of the image are interchanged. This phenomenon is called lateral inversion as the image is laterally inverted.

Reflection can occur on :

  1. transparent surfaces

  2. glass

  3. opaque surfaces

  4. a and b


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Light can pass through transparent materials, such as glass or air. However it cannot pass through opaque materials and get reflected.

No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image always appears erect. Then the mirror among the following is likely to be:

  1. a plane mirror

  2. a concave mirror

  3. any type of mirror

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

If the image always appears erect, then the mirror is either plane or convex. So, on the basis of the given options, the mirror is likely to be a plane mirror.

Fill in the blanks to complete the following sentences:


i) A ray travelling towards the mirror is the ______.
ii) Angle between reflected ray and normal is the ___.
iii) The angle between reflecting surface and the reflected ray is the _
_____.

  1. i-incident ray ,ii-angle of reflection ,iii-glancing angle of reflection

  2. i-normal ray ,ii-glancing angle of reflection ,iii-angle of incidence

  3. i-reflected ray ,ii glancing angle of incidence ,iii-glancing angle of reflection

  4. i-reflected ray ,ii-angle of incidence ,iii- angle of reflection


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

According to definition, 
i) A ray from the object, travelling towards the mirror is the incident ray.
ii) Angle between reflected ray and normal is the angle of reflection.
iii) The angle between reflecting surface and the reflected ray is known as the glancing angle of reflection.

The ray which bounces off the surface of the mirror when the incident ray strikes the mirror is known as ________.  The point at which incident ray meets the mirror is called the _________.
  1. normal ray, point of reflection

  2. reflected ray, point of refraction

  3. reflected ray, point of incidence

  4. diffracted ray, point of diffraction


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

According to definition of reflected ray and point of incidence, the ray which bounces off the surface of the mirror when the incident ray strikes the mirror is known as the reflected ray. The point at which incident ray meets the mirror is called the point of incidence.

Fill in the blank:

When angle of incidence increases, glancing angle of incidence ________.

  1. decreases

  2. increases

  3. remains same

  4. becomes zero


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Angle of incidence $+$ Glancing angle of incidence $=90^0$

So, Glancing angle of incidence $=90^0 -$ Angle of incidence
This means, when angle of incidence increases, glancing angle of incidence decreases,

Fill in the blank:

When the angle of incidence increases, glancing angle of reflection _______.

  1. increases

  2. remains same

  3. decreases

  4. becomes infinite


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Angle of incidence $+$ glancing angle of incidence $=90^0$

So, glancing angle of incidence $=90^0 -$ angle of incidence
Now, glancing angle of incidence $=$ glancing angle of reflection
Therefore, glancing angle of reflection $=90^0 -$ angle of incidence
This means, when angle of incidence increases, glancing angle of reflection decreases,

Bouncing of light into the same medium, from which the light ray is incident, is termed as

  1. Refraction

  2. Diffraction

  3. Reflection

  4. Scattering


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

$ \bf{Refraction} $ of light is the phenomenon of bending of light or change in the direction of light, when it passes obliquely from one transparent medium to another.

$ \bf{Diffraction} $ is the phenomenon of bending of light waves around the corners of an obstacle or aperture, placed in the path of light beam.

$ \bf{Reflection} $ is the phenomenon in which light rays on striking a polished surface(such as a mirror) bounce back or are sent back into the same medium. 

$\bf{Scattering} $ is the phenomenon by which a beam of light is redirected or deflected in many different directions when it passes through an imperfect medium due to the interaction with the particles of the medium.

Hence, the correct answer is OPTION C. 

Reflection can occur on

  1. Transparent surfaces

  2. Translucent surfaces

  3. Opaque surfaces

  4. B and C


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Objects which allow the light to pass through them completely without any obstruction are called $ \bf{transparent} $ objects.
Objects which allow the light to pass through them partially are called $ \bf{translucent} $ objects.
Objects which do not allow the light to pass through them are called $\bf{opaque} $ objects.

Since, transparent objects allow light to pass through them completely, no reflection can occur on them. 

Reflection occurs on translucent surfaces because they reflect a certain amount of light while allowing a certain amount of light to be transmitted. Reflection occurs perfectly on Opaque surfaces because they reflect all the light that falls on them without allowing any light to pass through them.

Hence, the correct answer is OPTION D.

Which of the following is the main reason of Opacity of light waves.

  1. reflection

  2. absorption

  3. refraction

  4. diffusion

  5. transmission


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Objects are visible to the eye when light strikes the surface and reflects back itself into the eye. Opaque objects show this phenomenon.

However in the transparent objects, the incident light on their surface gets transmitted, hence does not reflect back to eye and appear transparent.

A ray of light striking a plane mirror at an angle of 35 degrees with the normal.

Find out the angle of reflection with normal.

  1. 35 degrees.

  2. 55 degrees.

  3. 10 degrees

  4. 90 degrees

  5. 125 degrees


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Angle of incidence    $i = 35$ degrees

According to Snell's law of reflection, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
$\implies$ Angle of reflection      $r = i = 35$  degrees

When a light ray falls on a perfectly reflective mirror at an angle. Identify which of the following statement is true about the ray?

  1. The frequency of the light ray changes

  2. The wavelength of the light ray changes

  3. The velocity of the light ray changes

  4. The period of the light ray changes

  5. The direction of motion of the light ray changes


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

When a light ray falls on a perfectly reflective mirror at some angle, then only the direction of the light rays changes such that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection but the frequency, wavelength, time period and the velocity of the light remain constant.

Thus option E is correct.

Identify on which of the following, specular reflection would most likely to occur. 

  1. mirror

  2. wall

  3. sheet of paper

  4. ceiling.

  5. cat's fur


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The back of a mirror is usually covered with some sort of darkly colored, protective material to stop the silver coating from getting scratched, and also to reduce the risk of any light seeping through from behind. Silver reflects light better than almost anything else and that's because it gives off almost as many light as fall on it in the first place.

In which of the following conditions diffuse reflection takes place?

  1. When a parallel beam of light is reflected by a plane mirror.

  2. When a parallel beam of light is reflected by a highly polished metal surface.

  3. When a parallel beam of light is reflected by a paper sheet.

  4. All of these


Correct Option: C

A person has a $18$cm wide face and his two eyes are separated by 8 cm.Find the minimum width of a mirror required for the person to view is face laterally is

  1. $9$cm

  2. $4$cm

  3. $5$cm

  4. $13$cm


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

For minimum width -

i). Center of face and mirror must lie in perpendicular bisector of the line joining two eyes.
ii). Left eye must see right end point of face at the end of the mirror.
iii). Night eye must see left end point of face at then end of the mirror.
Now let, 
$F _1,F _2$ end points of face width $11E _1,E _2$ two eyes $11C-$ center of face.
$m _1.m _2-$ mirror end points
$m _1,m _2-$ projection of $m _1m _2$ on line joining two eyes.
Now, line joining two eyes should look like -
$F _1--E _1---m _1-C---m _2----E _2---F _2$
Due to symmetry,
$\Rightarrow F1E2=E1F2=13cm$
Also, $m _1,m _2$ must be midpoint of $F1E2$ and $E1F2$ respectively.
So, $E1m2=m1E2=\dfrac{13}{2}=6.5$
$E1m2=6.5$
$\Rightarrow E1C+Cm2=6.5$
     $4+Cm2=6,5$
     $Cm2=2.5$
similarly $m1C=2.5$
$\Rightarrow m1m2=m1C1C2=5cm=$ mirror width.
Hence, the answer is $5cm.$

A beam of light converges at point $P$. Now, a plane mirror is placed $20 \mathrm { cm }$ before the converging point $P$. The new converging point is

  1. $20 \mathrm { cm }$ infront of the mirror

  2. $20 \mathrm { cm }$ behind the mirror

  3. The separation between new converging point and previous converging point is $40 \mathrm { cm } $

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A

The deviation produced by the first plane mirror during the first reflection is

  1. $\delta _ { 1 } = 0 ^ { \circ }$

  2. $\delta _ { 1 } = 100 ^ { \circ }$ clockwise

  3. $\delta _ { 1 } = 100 ^ { \circ }$ anticlockwise

  4. $\delta _ { 1 } = 280 ^ { \circ }$ clockwise


Correct Option: A

What is the correct definition of reflectance?

  1. Difference between amount of light absorbed by the surface and amount of light reflected.

  2. The amount of light reflected by a surface is known as reflectance.

  3. The ratio of the amount of the light reflected from a surface to the amount of light falling on the surface is called reflectance.

  4. The ratio of amount of light falling on a surface to the amount of light reflected on the surface is called reflectance.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

According to definition, ratio of the amount of light reflected from a surface to the amount of light falling on the surface is called reflectance.

The angle formed between the incident ray and the normal is called _____________

  1. angle of incidence

  2. angle of reflection

  3. angle of refraction

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Angle of incidence is the angle between incident ray and normal to the reflecting surface at the point of incidence.


Answer-(A).

When light rays travelling from one medium fall at the surface of another medium ............ the light rays returns back to the same medium.

  1. All of

  2. Part of

  3. None of

  4. Can't be determined


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When light rays traveling from one medium fall at the surface of another medium part of the light rays returns back to the same medium.
For example in window mirror we can see our image and we can also see outside objects because of both reflection and refraction of light.

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