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Endogenic process and creation of mountains - class-IX

Description: endogenic process and creation of mountains
Number of Questions: 31
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Tags: landforms (part - a) major domains of the earth social science endogenetic movements landforms land and oceans geography
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State whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
Mt. Fujiyama in Japan is an example of volcanic mountains. 

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

True,

Mount Fuji, Japan. The 3,776-meter-high (12,388 feet) Mount Fuji Volcano, located on the island of Honshu in Japan, is one of the world's classic examples of a stratovolcano. No further eruptions have occurred at Mount Fuji, but steam was observed at the summit from 1780–1820, and the volcano is considered active.

Which of the following rivers occupies a riftvalley?

  1. Narmada

  2. Cauvery

  3. Mahanadi

  4. Sutlej


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Narmada river rises in the Amarkantaka hills in Madhya Pradesh. It flows towards the west in a rift valley formed due to faulting. Its length is about 1312 km. This river drains into the Arabian Sea. It flows through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.

Which of the following regions is the best example of Rift Valley?

  1. Peninsular India

  2. East Africa

  3. Dead-Sea basin

  4. Scotland


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • A Rift valley is a narrow linear depression in the land surrounded by mountain ranges. It is created by a geological fault in earth's crust. The East African Rift valley which runs thousands of km long is the best example of a Rift valley in the world.

Rift valley means _______________________.

  1. A steep valley by river erosion

  2. A valley with gentle slopes

  3. A valley formed by the sinking of ground between two almost parallel faults

  4. A valley carved by aeolian erosion


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • When two plates of earth's crust move apart from each other, a long narrow depression is formed due to the sinking of ground which is called a rift valley eg. east African rift valley. Hence option C is the right answer.
  • The rift valley is not formed due to river or aeolian(wind) action. Also, the slope in the rift valley is almost vertical thus very steep hence other options are incorrect.

Water bodies that are smaller in size than ocean are called ________.

  1. Gulf

  2. Sea

  3. Bay

  4. Strait


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The words 'ocean' and 'sea' are often used to mean the same thing. However, a sea is a small area of an ocean, usually with land on several sides.

The seas which are completely surrounded by land, without any outlet into the ocean is called __________.

  1. marginal sea

  2. inland sea

  3. bay

  4. gulf


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Inland sea is a shallow sea that covers central areas of continents during periods of high sea level that result in marine transgression. The seas which are completely surrounded by land, without any outlet into the ocean is called inland sea.

The Mediterranean sea is an extension of which of the following ocean?

  1. Indian ocean

  2. Atlantic ocean

  3. Pacific ocean

  4. Arctic ocean


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Mediterranean Sea is an extension of the Atlantic ocean. The Mediterranean Sea is connected to the Atlantic ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land. The sea was an important route for merchants and travelers of ancient times, facilitating trade and cultural exchange between peoples of the region.

The seas which are extensions of ocean and are partially surrounded by land are called ___________.

  1. bay

  2. marginal sea

  3. inland sea

  4. lagoons


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Marginal seas are similar to open oceans with respect to being created by large scale geological processes, exhibiting biodiversity, and possessing layered water circulation patterns. The main difference between the two is related to depth and proximity to landmasses. The seas which are extensions of the ocean and are partially surrounded by land are known as marginal sea.

Which is the deepest fresh water lake in the world?

  1. Lake Superior

  2. Lake Baikal

  3. Lake Victoria

  4. Lake Chilika


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Lake Baikal in southern Russia is the world's deepest lake. It is an estimated 5,387 ft deep and its bottom is approximately 3,893 ft below sea level. It is also the deepest freshwater lake in the world.

Curved indentation of a sea or a lake into the land, with a wide opening is called __________.

  1. Gulf

  2. Bay

  3. Strait

  4. Lagoon


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Bay is a water body that is surrounded or demarcated by land. It is a water body that is surrounded by land on three sides. Bays can be an inlet in a lake or a larger water body. 

Large inlet of a sea cutting deep into the land is called _________.

  1. Bay

  2. Gulf

  3. Lagoon

  4. Inland sea


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A gulf is a large inlet of a sea cutting deep into the landmass, typically narrower opening than a bay, though it is not observable in all geographical areas. Many important trading centers are located on gulfs. Gulfs are sometimes connected with oceans through narrow passages of water called as straits. 

Where is lake Baikal situated?

  1. Canada

  2. Uganda

  3. Siberia

  4. Peru


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Lake Baikal is situated in Russia, located in southern Siberia, between Irkutsk Oblast to the northwest and the Buryat Republic to the southeast. It is the world's deepest freshwater lake.

What term is used for a shallow body of salt water separated from the sea by a low sand bank or coral reef?

  1. Lake

  2. Gulf

  3. Lagoon

  4. Bay


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Lagoons is a term used for a shallow body of saltwater separated from the sea by a low dan bank or coral reef. Lagoons are commonly divided into coastal lagoons and atoll lagoons. Lagoons are the most common coastal features around many parts of the world.

Narrow stretch of water that joins two large water bodies and separates two landmass is called ___________.

  1. Gulf

  2. Bay

  3. Strait

  4. Lagoon


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Strait is a narrow stretch of water that joins two large water bodies and separates two landmasses. Strait can be formed by a body of water overflowing land that has subsided or has been eroded. 

Which lake is the highest navigable lake in the world?

  1. Lake Victoria

  2. Lake Superior

  3. Lake Baikal

  4. Lake Titicaca


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The highest commercially navigable lake is Lake Titicaca, which lies in the Altiplano at a height of 3,810 m above sea level on the Andean border between Peru and Bolivia. It's surface covers approximately 8,300 km² and has an average depth between 140-180 m.

Which of the following describes a small water bodies surrounded by land on all the sides?

  1. Gulf

  2. Bay

  3. Lake

  4. Lagoon


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A lake is an area filled with water which is surrounded by land from all sides. They are not part of the oceans, therefore are different from lagoons. There are both natural lakes as well as artificial lakes. 
Natural lakes are found majorly in mountainous areas, rift zones and artificial lakes are created by man for agricultural purposes or for industrial use etc.

Which strait joins the Arctic ocean and the Pacific ocean and seperates the continents of Asia and north America?

  1. Strait of Gibralter

  2. Bering Strait

  3. Strait of Malacca

  4. Davis Strait


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Bering Strait joins the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean and separates the continents of Asia and North America at their closest point. The strait averages 98 to 164 ft. in depth and at it's narrowest is about 53 miles wide. The strait was named after Vitus Bering, a Danish Captain, who sailed into the strait in 1728.

Where is the source of river Mississippi?

  1. Lake Ontario

  2. Great Slave Lake

  3. Lake Itasca

  4. Lake Victoria


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Mississippi River is the second-longest river and chief river of the second-largest drainage system on the North American continent. It's  source is Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota and it flows generally south for 2,320 miles to the Mississippi River Delta in the Gulf of Mexico.

The Amazon river originates in _____________.

  1. Swiss Alps

  2. Tibetan Plateau

  3. Andes mountains

  4. Black forest mountain


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Amazon River is the largest river in the world by the amount or volume of water it carries. Its headwaters are in the Andes Mountains in Peru. It flows through the tropical forests of South America.

Consider the following.
$1$. Chilika Lake
$2$. Pulicat Lake
$3$. Vembanad Lake
Which of the given is/are lagoon(s)?

  1. $1$ and $2$

  2. $2$ only

  3. $1$ and $3$

  4. $1, 2$ and $3$


Correct Option: D

Which one of the following east flowing rivers of India has rift valley due to down warping?

  1. Damodar

  2. Mahanadi

  3. Sone

  4. Yamuna


Correct Option: A

Pollution of water bodies results in ________________.

  1. loss of aquatic ecosystem

  2. impure quality of water

  3. scarcity of fresh water

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Water pollution is the contamination of water by various pollutants. The effect of water pollution depends upon the kind of chemicals and other pollutants being dumped into the water. The following are the effects of water pollution:
1) The main effect of water pollution is that there is a loss of the aquatic ecosystem. The fishes that depend upon water get killed by the harmful chemicals or plastics in the water. 
2) Another effect is that the water becomes impure by water pollution. The pollutants are so much harmful that the healthy bacteria living in the water get killed by the chemicals and water becomes unfit for any purposes. 
3) With water pollution there occurs a significant scarcity of freshwater. The water becomes unfit for drinking purposes. With the increasing water pollution and increase in falls in the groundwater, there arises a serious issue of freshwater.

From where the river Ganga originates?

  1. Yamunatri Glacier

  2. Gangotri glacier

  3. Tibetan plateau

  4. Altai mountains


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The mainstream of Ganga begins at the confluence of the Bhagirathi and Alaknanda rivers in the town of Devprayag. The Bhagirathi rises at the foot of Gangotri Glacier, at Gaumukh, at an elevation of 3,893 m.

Which of the following lakes were formed by volcanic activities?
(A) Lonar lake
(B) Bhim Tal of Kumaun
(C) Toba lake
(D) Keloed lake

  1. A and C

  2. A and D

  3. A, C and D

  4. A, B, C and D


Correct Option: C

The biggest lake of fresh water in the world is _____________.

  1. Baikallake

  2. Superior lake

  3. Nyasa lake

  4. Victoria lake


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Lake Superior is the largest lake in North America and also the largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area and the third-largest by volume. Its surface area is approximately 31,700 square miles. The lake is shared by the province of Ontario in Canada, and the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan in the US. 

Lake Baikal is a rift lake located in southern Siberia, Russia,
Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African 
Lake Victoria is one of the African Great Lakes.

The lake formed due to tectonic activities is ________.

  1. Lohtak

  2. Wular lake

  3. Dal lake

  4. Bhimtal

  5. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Wular lake is integral to the hydrological system of the Kashmir valley. India's largest freshwater lake, the Wular lake was formed as a result of the tectonic activity and is fed by the Jhelum river. The lake, along with its marshes, regulates the water levels and offers protection against flooding.

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