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Physical properties of alkaline earth metals - class-X

Description: physical properties of alkaline earth metals
Number of Questions: 30
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Tags: the s-block elements patterns and properties of metals chemistry group 2 s-block elements the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) elements of group 1 and group 2
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Radium is a harmful element which emits radiation.

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Radium is a radioactive element. The radiations cause harms to humans on exposure.

Hence, it is true that Radium is a harmful element which emits radiations.

Select the correct statement out of the following.

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. calcium fluoride is soluble in water.

  2. barium sulfate is soluble in water.

  3. barium dioxide is soluble in water.

  4. magnesium sulfate is soluble in water.

Show answer
Correct Option: D

The sulphate of which metal given below has the highest solubility in water?

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. $Ca$

  2. $Ba$

  3. $Sr$

  4. $Mg$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

On moving down the group of alkaline earth metals, the solubility of metal sulphates decreases. Also, the ionic size increases and hydration energy of metal ion decreases. Hence, magnesium sulphate($MgSO _4$) has lowest solubility.

Which of the following metals cannot give flame
tests?

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. Be

  2. Na

  3. K

  4. Ca

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Beryllium cannot give flame test. Beryllium has small size. It strongly binds its electrons. Thus it has high ionization enthalpy. The thermal energy of flame is not sufficient to excite its electrons.

Which of the following salt gives a crimson red colour in flame test?

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. $BaCl _{2}$

  2. $CaCl _{2}$

  3. $BeCl _{2}$

  4. $SrCl _{2}$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Strontium chloride($SrCl _2$) gives crimson red colour in the flame test. It is due to the excitation of electrons by the thermal energy, which is then followed by de-excitation of electron to ground state along with liberation of light in the visible range.

Passivity is exhibited by: $A) Be , B) Mg, C) Al ,D) B$

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. $A, B$

  2. $B, C$

  3. $A, C$

  4. $B, D$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Action of oxidizing agents such as conc. nitric acid forms a layer of an oxide on the surface of Be and Al. Hence these metals become passive and do not react.

Sulphate of an alkaline earth metal which crystalizes without water of hydration is?

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. $Be^{2+}$

  2. $Mg^{2+}$

  3. $Ca^{2+}$

  4. $Sr^{2+}$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Strontium sulphate crystalizes without water of hydration.

Assertion(A) : Beryllium and magnesium do not impart characteristic colour in flame.
Reasoning(R) : Both Beryllium and magnesium have high I.E.

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

  2. Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not a correct explanation of Assertion

  3. Assertion is true but Reason is false

  4. Both Assertion and Reason are false

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Small sized Be and Mg atoms have high ionization energies. Hence, the energy of flame is not sufficient to excite their electrons. Thus, Be and Mg do not produce colour in flame.

Alkaline earth metal(s) which does (do) not
impart colour to the flame is (are):

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. Be

  2. Mg

  3. Ca

  4. Sr

Show answer
Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:

Beryllium($Be$) and magnesium($Mg$) cannot give flame test. They have small size. They strongly binds their electrons. Thus they have high ionization enthalpies. The thermal energy of flame is not sufficient to excites their electrons.

Which of the following shows least melting point?

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. $Be$

  2. $Mg$

  3. $Ca$

  4. $Sr$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Ans : $B$ $\rightarrow$ $Mg$

Generally melting point of the metals decreases down the group. But $Mg$ has anomalously low melting point in group $2$.
Group $2$ metals have metallic bonding. If we look at the crystal structure, $Be$ & $Mg$ are hexagonal close packed, $Ca$ & $Sr$ are face centered cubic.
At melting point, $Be$, $Ca$ and $Sr$ are body centered where as $Mg$ is hexagonal closed packed. Due to this arrangement, $Mg$ shows least melting point

In which case first has lower melting point than second?

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. Mg, Be

  2. Be, Ca

  3. Cs, Li

  4. K, Li

Show answer
Correct Option: A,C,D
Explanation:

(A) The melting point of magnesium is 924 K which is lower than the melting point of beryllium which is 1560 K.
(B) The melting point of beryllium is 1560 K which is higher than the melting point of calcium.
(C) The melting point of cesium is 302 K which is lower than the melting point of lithium which is 454 K.
(D) The melting point of potassium is 336 K which is lower than the melting point of Li which is 454 K.

In which case second has lower boiling point than first?

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. Li, K

  2. Be, Mg

  3. Li, Cs

  4. Ca, Mg

Show answer
Correct Option: A,B,C,D
Explanation:

(A) The boiling point of K is $1032$ K which is lower than that of Li ($1615$ K)
(B) The boiling point of Mg is $1363$ K which is lower than that of Be ( $2745$ K).
(C) The boiling point of Cs is $944$ K which is lower than that of Li ($1615$ K).
(D) The boiling point of Mg is $1363$ K is which is lower than that of Ca ($1767$ K).
Hence, all are correct.

The correct sequence of increasing melting point of $BeCl _{2},MgCl _{2},CaCl _{2},SrCl _{2}$ and $BaCl _{2}$ is

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. $BaCl _{2} < SrCl _{2} < CaCl _{2} < MgCl _{2} < BeCl _{2}$

  2. $BeCl _{2} < MgCl _{2} < CaCl _{2} < SrCl _{2} < BaCl _{2}$

  3. $BeCl _{2} < CaCl _{2} < MgCl _{2} < SrCl _{2} < BaCl _{2}$

  4. $MgCl _{2} < BeCl _{2} < SrCl _{2} < CaCl _{2} < BaCl _{2}$

Show answer
Correct Option: B

Which element is most alkaline :

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. F

  2. CI

  3. Br

  4. I

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Which of the alkaline earth elements forms covalent bonds ? 

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. Ca

  2. Mg

  3. Sr

  4. Be

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Estimation of calcium and magnesium is done by :

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. EDTA.

  2. oxalate.

  3. phosphate.

  4. None of these.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Estimation of calcium and magnesium is done by EDTA in complexometric titration. Hexadentate ligand EDTA (ethylene diammine tetra acetate) forms metal chelates with calcium and magnesium. 

Lightest alkaline earth metal is :

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. Be

  2. Mg

  3. Ca

  4. Sr

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Beryllium (Be), is the lightest alkaline earth metal with atomic number 4 and mass number 9.

Flame test is not given by :

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. Ca

  2. Ba

  3. Be

  4. Li

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Beryllium and magnesium do not give any colour to the flame test because they have a small size and very high ionization enthalpies. The energy of the flame is not sufficient to excite the electrons to higher energy levels. Hence, they do not impart any characteristic colour to the flame.

Hence option B is correct.

The first ionization energies of alkaline earth metals are higher than those of the alkali metals. This is because:

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. there is increase in the nuclear charge of the alkaline earth metal

  2. there is decrease in the nuclear charge of the alkaline earth metal

  3. there is no change in the nuclear charge

  4. none ofthe above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

As the nuclear charge increases it requires more energy to remove electron(Ionization energy) hence ionization energy will be increased. The first ionization energies of alkaline earth metals are higher than those of the alkali metals. This is because of the increase in the nuclear charge of the alkaline earth metal.

Alkaline earth metal salt are :

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. paramagnetic

  2. diamagnetic

  3. ferromagnetic

  4. all of these

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Alkali earth metals are diamagnetic.

Atoms or elements which are having even number of electrons or  no unpaired electrons are diamagnetic.

Alkaline earth metals are having even number of electrons(Be,Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba,Ra having electrons 4,12,20,38,56 and 88 respectively which are even in number)

Hence option B is correct

Select the correct statement(s) about barium :

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. It shows photoelectric effect.

  2. It is silvery white metal.

  3. It forms $Ba(N _3) _2$ which is used in preparation of green fire.

  4. Its ionization energy is less than radium.

Show answer
Correct Option: B,C,D
Explanation:

A) It shows photoelectric effect.False,becuase it has completely filled s orbital so removal of electron is difficult.

B) It is silvery white metal.True.

C) It forms $Ba(N _3) _2$ which is used in preparation of green fire.True.

D) Its ionization energy is less than radium True.

Hence options B,C & D are correct.

The most lightest alkaline earth metal is:

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. $Be$

  2. $Mg$

  3. $Ca$

  4. $Ba$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Calcium $(Z=20),$ is the lightest alkaline earth metal, with a density of $1.55 g/cm^3$, lighter than both beryllium and magnesium.

Which of the following has highest melting point?

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. Magnesium

  2. Barium

  3. Calcium

  4. Beryllium

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Beryllium has highest melting point (1560 K).
In fact, the melting point, the boiling point and the ionisation enthalpy of beryllium are highest of all the alkaline earth metals. This is due to small atomic size of beryllium.

Select the incorrect choice: 

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. the solubility of alkaline earth metal's carbonates, sulphates and chromates decreases Be to Be.

  2. the solubility of alkaline earth metal's hydroxides is less than alkali metal hydroxides.

  3. solubility of alkaline earth metal's oxides increases from Be to Ba.

  4. $SO _2$ on passing in lime water turns is milky.

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Dehydration of hydrates of halides of calcium, barium and strontium i.e., $CaCl _2.6H _2O,BaCl _2.2H _2O,SrCl _2.2H _2O$ can be achieved by heating. These become wet on keeping in the air. Which of the following statements is correct about these halides?

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. The act as dehydrating agents.

  2. They can absorb moisture from air.

  3. They have tendency to from hydrate which decreases from calcium to barium.

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Halides of calcium, barium and strontium act as dehydrating agent as they are hygroscopic in nature. They absorb moisture. Also they have tendency to form hydrate which decreases from $Ca^{2+}$ to $Sr^{2+}$ due to increase in size and decrease in polarization power.

Which of the following metal sulphide is water soluble?

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. $CaS$

  2. $ZnS$

  3. $HgS$

  4. $CdS$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Calcium sulphide, $CaS$ and zinc sulphide $ZnS$ are slightly soluble in water.
Cadmium sulphide $CdS$ and mercury (II) sulfide are insoluble in water.

Which of the following does/do not impact characteristic colour to the flame?

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. $MgSO _4$

  2. $CaCl _2$

  3. $Sr(NO _3) _2$

  4. $BeCl _2$

Show answer
Correct Option: A,D
Explanation:

$CaCl _2$ has orange colour.
$Sr(NO _3) _2$ has crimson colour flame.


Be and Mg do not impart any colour to the flame due to higher ionization energy and small size.The energy of the flame is not sufficient to excite the electrons to higher energy levels. Hence, they do not impart any characteristic colour to the flame

The correct increasing order of basic nature among Be, Mg, Ca and Sr is :

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. $Be < Ca < Mg < Sr$

  2. $Be < Mg < Sr < Ca$

  3. $Be < Mg < Ca < Sr$

  4. $Ca < Sr < Be < Mg$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The correct increasing order of basic nature among Be, Mg, Ca and Sr is $Be < Mg < Ca < Sr$.
$Be$ forms amphoteric oxides and hydroxides, whereas other alkaline earth metals form basic oxides and hydroxides. The basicity increases on moving down the group due to increase in the size of the metal ion, decrease in the ionization energy and increase in the electropositive character. This increases the polarity of metal oxygen bond and internuclear distance which in turn increases the ease of formation of ion and the basic character.

Select the correct statements :

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. Solubility of alkali earth metal's oxide decreases down the group

  2. Solubility of alkaline earth metal's sulphide increases down the group

  3. Solubility of alkali metal's hydroxide increases down the group

  4. Solubility of alkali metal's fluorides increases down the group

Show answer
Correct Option: B,C,D

Select the correct order of density.

chemistry group 2 physical properties of alkaline earth metals alkali metals properties of alkaline earth metals

  1. Na > K

  2. Na < K

  3. Mg > Ca

  4. Mg < Ca

Show answer
Correct Option: A,C
Explanation:

The trend of density amongst alkali metals: $Li<K<Na<Rb<Cs$


The trend of density amongst alkaline earth metals: $Ca<Mg<Be<Sr<Ba<Ra$

Hence the correct choices are $Na>K$ and $Mg>Ca$

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