As one travels from Kolkata to Delhi through the Gangetic plain, one would notice that the cultivation of wheat increases.

Wheat is a temperate region crop thus required moderate temperature and rainfall both. Temperature should not exceed above $20^0C$ and rainfall should be between $50-100cm$ along with first free growing season.

For the production of wheat there should be cool and wet climate during its growing period but hot climate during the ripening period.

Wheat requires cool temperatures during its growing season in the range of about 14°c to 18°c. Rainfall of about 50 cms to 90 cms is most ideal. However, during harvesting season in the spring, wheat requires bright sunshine and slightly warmer temperatures. Uttar Pradesh is the largest wheat growing state in India closely followed by Punjab and Haryana.

Wheat is a Rabi crop which requires low temperature between 10-15°C at the time of sowing and 21-26°C at the time of harvesting and rainfall less than 100 cm and more than 75 cm rainfall.

It is the staple food in north and northwestern India.

Top producer of wheat is Uttar Pradesh.

This is the second most important cereal crop. It is the main food crop, in north and north-western part of the country. This rabi crop requires a cool growing season and a bright sunshine at the time of ripening. It requires 50 to 75 cm of annual rainfall evenly distributed over the growing season. 

The Northern Spring Wheat region (III) of the United States is physically similar to the Canadian Prairies. Spring wheat is the major crop of North Dakota and much of Montana. Barley, durum, flax, sunflowers, oats, and other small grains are also produced.

• Wheat is considered as the major Rabi crop of Punjab which is a winter crop.
  
• Top three states producing wheat are Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Haryana.
  
• After Rice, wheat is the second most important crop of India.
  
• The staple food in north and north western India is wheat.
  

Largest Wheat producing state in India is Uttar Pradesh

Sonalika, Kalyan, Sona, Sabarmati, Lerma, Roso, Heera, are different varieties of Wheat.

Operation Flood was started by National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) in 1970s. The objective of this programme was to create a nationwide milk grid. The result was that India became the largest producer of Milk and Milk Products. Operation flood is called White Revolution of India.

A few showers of rain during the months of December and January are beneficial to the rabi crops because they protect the crops from frost.

Rice and Wheat