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Morphology of angiosperms - class-XI

Description: morphology of angiosperms
Number of Questions: 27
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Tags: plant kingdom biology morphology of flowering plants
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Wheat, paddy and other cereals which form, the staple food of mankind belong to the family

  1. Asteraceae

  2. Scitamineae

  3. Palmae

  4. Poaceae


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • Poaceae or gramineae is the most economically important plant family.
  • It provides staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize,wheat,rice,barley,millet etc.
  • So the correct answer is 'Poaceae'

Nodulated roots occur in

  1. Leguminosae

  2. Solanaceae

  3. Malvaceae

  4. Papilionaceae


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Nodulated roots occur in Leguminosae because these plants live in association with Rhizobium bacteria for obtaining nitrogen contents.

So, the correct option is 'Leguminosae'.

Family poaceae is member of series

  1. Nudiflorae

  2. Glumaceae

  3. Epigynae

  4. Microspermae


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  1. Nudiflora is a fungus of genus Cercospora.
  2. Glumaceae is a term used by Bentham and Hooker that include grasses.
  3. Epigyne is an order of plant which has an epigynous ovary.
  4. Microspermae is an order of flowering plant refers to the size of a seed.
So the correct option is 'Glumaceae'

Significance of vernlization is/are

  1. Early flowering

  2. Prevention of precocious reproductive development

  3. Shortening the life span of plants

  4. All of these


Correct Option: A

Oryza sativa (rice) belongs to

  1. Solanaceae

  2. Malvaceae

  3. Liliaceae

  4. Poaceae


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Oryza sativa, commonly known as Asian rice belonging to the family Poaceae or Gramineae. Rice is the most widely grown tropical cereal, and over 400 million tonnes of milled rice is produced each year. Rice is a staple food of South Asia and a vast number of people are employed in its cultivation.

So, the correct answer is 'Poaceae'.

Lemma is

  1. Superior palea

  2. Inner palea

  3. Both A and B

  4. Inferior or outer palea


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The spikelet inflorescence is seen in family Poaceae. The spikelet consists of a short axis called rachilla on which 1 to many sessile or short-stalked flowers are borne. The florets may be arranged in the alternate or opposite manner on the central axis. At the base of rachilla two sterile scales, called glumes, are present. Above the glumes a series of florets are present. Each floret has an inferior palea or lemma and above it a superior palea is present. Hence, Lemma is the inferior or outer palea.

So, the correct answer is 'Inferior or outer palea'.

Which is not included in Poaceae family

  1. Paddy

  2. Wheat

  3. Grasses

  4. Mustard


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • Poaceae or Gramineae is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants known as grasses. Poaceae includes the cereal grasses such as paddy, wheat, rice; bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and cultivated lawns and pasture.
  • The mustard plant is a plant species in the genera Brassica and Sinapis belonging to the family Brassicaceae.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Mustard'

A graminaceous spikelet is surrounded by

  1. Two scales called glumes

  2. Two scales called lemma and pale

  3. Two scales called lodicules

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In graminaceous spikelet or spikelet inflorescence of Poaceae, there is a pair of sterile glumes at the base of the spikelet. The lower, outer glume is called the first glume and the upper, inner glume is called the second glume. Just above the glumes, spikelets are present which are partly enclosed by glumes. Spikelets are characteristic of the grass family.

So, the correct answer is 'Two scales called glumes'.

The family which yields cereals is

  1. Poaceae

  2. Fabaceae

  3. Liliaceae

  4. Asteraceae


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Poaceae or Gramineae is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants which are collectively known as grasses. Poaceae includes cereals, bamboos and the grasses of natural grasslands. The Poaceae are the most economically important plant family, providing staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize, wheat, rice, barley, millet etc.

So, the correct answer is 'Poaceae'.

Bamboos belong to family

  1. Liliaceae

  2. Poaceae

  3. Palmaceae

  4. Asteraceae


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Poaceae or Gramineae is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants which are collectively referred to as grasses. It includes bamboos, cereals, grasses of natural grassland etc. It is an economically important plant family, providing cereals such as maize, wheat etc. Bamboo which is used as a building material belongs to the family Poaceae.

So, the correct answer is 'Poaceae'.

Poaceae was formerly called

  1. Compositae

  2. Cruciferae

  3. Papilionaceae

  4. Gramineae


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Poaceae, formerly called as Gramineae because it includes grasses. It is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants. Poaceae includes cereals, bamboos and grasses of natural grassland. It is an economically important family of plants, providing staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize, wheat, barley etc. 

So, the correct answer is 'Gramineae'.

Peculiarity of pistil of Poaceae is

  1. Two stigmas borne directly over ovary

  2. Three stigmas borne over ovary directly

  3. One stigma borne directly over ovary

  4. Three styles borne over ovary


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A pistil may consist of carpels, ovary, style, stigma, carpels may join together with a single ovary. Poaceae is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants which are collectively referred to as grasses. In Poaceae, the stigmas are 2 which are usually feathery and they are borne directly over an ovary. This is the peculiar feature of the pistil in Poaceae.

So, the correct answer is 'Two stigmas borne directly over ovary'.

Fruit is caryopsis in

  1. Asteraceae

  2. Poaceae

  3. Fabaceae

  4. Liliaceae


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Caryopsis is a dry one-seeded fruit in which the ovary wall is united with the seed coat and fused into a single unit. It is a type of simple dry fruit which is monocarpellate (formed from a single carpel), indehiscent (not opening at maturity). The caryopsis is commonly called grain and caryopsis fruit is characteristic of family Poaceae.

So, the correct answer is 'Poaceae'.

Stem is culm in

  1. Bamboo

  2. Grass

  3. Both A and B

  4. Sunflower


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A culm is the areal jointed stem (above ground) of grass or bamboo. Typically, the culms are hollow but some species of bamboo have solid culms. In members of Poaceae family, the stem is underground rhizome in all perennial grasses, cylindrical, culm with conspicuous nodes and internodes, internodes hollow, herbaceous or woody, glabrous or glaucous, vegetative shoots are arising from the base of aerial stem or from underground stems.

So, the correct answer is 'Both A and B'.

Gynoecium of Poaceae is

  1. Bicarpellary syncarpous

  2. Tricarpallary syncarpous

  3. Monocarpellary

  4. Tricarpellary apocarpous


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Poaceae or Gramineae is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants which are collectively referred to as grasses. In Poaceae, the gynoecium is monocarpellary, ovary superior, unilocular with a single ovule, basal placentation, style short, stigma (usually 2 )feathery, papillate or branched.

So, the correct answer is 'Monocarpellary'.

Russian Millet, Digitaria, is grown in

  1. Bihar

  2. Rajasthan

  3. Meghalaya

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Russian millet, Digitaria is the genus of plants belonging to family Poaceae or Gramineae. It is native to tropical and warm temperate regions. Digitariaoccursies occur in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of both the hemispheres. The major Russian millet producing state in India is Rajasthan, followed by Maharashtra, Haryana, Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh.

So, the correct answer is 'Rajasthan'.

Approximately one hundred diseases and pests are reported on

  1. Wheat

  2. Gram

  3. Ground nut

  4. Rice


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Wheat is a common crop that is facing many pests and diseases problem. Such as Barley Yellow Dwarf, Black Chaff, Crown and Root Rot, Fusarium Head Blight (Scab), Leaf Rust., Tan Spot, Wheat Soil-borne Mosaic, and Wheat Streak Mosaic. But gram, groundnut, and rice are also having pests and diseases but not in large numbers in comparison to wheat.

Thus the correct option is A. 

Millets belong to

  1. Fabaceae

  2. Poaceae

  3. Liliaceae

  4. Asteraceae


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Poaceae or Gramineae is a large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants which are collectively referred to as grasses. It includes cereals, grasses of natural grasslands, bamboos. It is the most economically important plant family, providing staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize, wheat, barley, millet. Millets are a group of highly variable small seed grasses which is widely grown worldwide as grains for human food and fodder.

So, the correct answer is 'Poaceae'

Jowar belong to family

  1. Glumaceae

  2. Gramineae /Poaceae

  3. Asteraceae/Compositae

  4. Malvaceae


Correct Option: B

Wheat and rice belong to family

  1. Poaceae

  2. Rutaceae

  3. Cyperaceae

  4. Compositae


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Wheat and Rice belongs to family Poaceae.  The scientific name of wheat is Triticum aestivum. 

The scientific name of Rice is Oryza sativa.
So the correct option is A.

Vegetative nucleus occurs in

  1. All flowering plants

  2. All seed plants

  3. All vascular plants

  4. All embryophytes


Correct Option: A

Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

  1. Chryanthemum- Natural parathyroid

  2. Leucaena - Dye

  3. Acacia- Essential oil

  4. Casuraina- Fodder


Correct Option: A

Presence of staminode is characteristic feature of ____________.

  1. Caesalpinoideae

  2. Minosoideae

  3. Arecaceae

  4. Euphorbiaceae


Correct Option: A

The alternate name for the family Palmae is?

  1. Poaceae

  2. Palmaceae

  3. Araceae

  4. Arecaceae


Correct Option: A

How many of the following characters are suitable to pea plant in the vegetative stage

1. Superior ovary
2. Marginal placentation
3. Gamosepalous condition
4. Papilionaceous corolla
5. Zygomorphic flowers
6. Non-endospermic seeds
7. Stipulate leaves
8. Pinnate compound leaves
9. Root Nodules
10. Foliaceous stipules

  1. 10

  2. 6

  3. 7

  4. 4


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

All of the above characters are seen in the pea plant in the vegetative stage 


1) It has a superior ovary because the ovary is attached to the receptacle above the attachment of other floral parts. 

2) It is said to have marginal placentation because the ovary in which the placenta forms a ridge along the ventral suture of the ovary and the ovules develop on two separate rows.
3) It is gamosepalous because the sepals are partly or completely united
4) It is papilionaceous corolla it has a corolla with usually five petals that include a large upper petal enclosing two lateral wings and a lower carina of two united petals.
5) It has zygomorphic flowers because the flower is bilaterally symmetrical 
6) It is said to have Non-endospermic seeds as because endosperm is absent in the pea seeds
7) It has stipulate leaves because of the presence of stipules near the node of leaves.
8)It has pinnately compound leaves because a row of leaflets forms on either side of an extension of the petiole called the rachis.
9) It has Root nodules because of the symbiotic relationship between nitrogen-fixing bacteria which forms nodules on roots.
10)it has foliaceous stipules because the stipules are green and expanded like leaves.
So, the correct option is A.

In flowering plants, the male gametes are formed by.

  1. Generative cell

  2. Uninucleate microspore

  3. Vegetative cell

  4. Pollen tube


Correct Option: A

Stamens of Jowar$/$ Grass are

  1. Dorsifixed

  2. Versatile

  3. Basifixed

  4. Adnate


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Stamens of Jowar/Grass are versatile. It implies that their filaments are attached to anther at a point on the connective. Due to this, the anthers can swing freely. This type of arrangement is useful because grasses use wind as the pollinating agent. Freely swinging anthers can dehisce and release the pollen grains in the wind, they can be carried to the suitable stigma.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Versatile'

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