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Crystallisation - class-VII

Description: crystallisation
Number of Questions: 25
Created by:
Tags: changes around us element, compound and mixture chemistry physical and chemical changes
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What is a chemical change?

  1. Change in size, shape

  2. Change from one substance to another new substance

  3. Change in temperature from lower to higher

  4. None of above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A chemical change is a process where one or more substances are converted into one or more new substances. Examples: Explosion of fireworks that produces heat, light, sound and unpleasant gases, breaking down of ozone in the ozone layer by the UV radiations.


Hence, the correct option is $B$

Which of the following cause a substance to change into an entirely new substance with a new chemical formula?

  1. Physical change

  2. Chemical change

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When a substance undergoes chemical change, its chemical properties are altered.

Which of the following is not a chemical change?

  1. Whipping eggs

  2. Burning wood

  3. Digestion

  4. All of above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In whipping of eggs, the air is introduced into the fluid but no new substance is formed. Hence, it is a physical change. Digestion and burning of wood results in the formation of new substances. Thus, it is a physical change.


Hence, the correct option is $\text{A}$

An example of chemical change is :
  1. water condensing on the outside of your cold beverage

  2. bending a wire

  3. slicing bread

  4. freezing water

  5. burning a candle


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Burning of candle is a chemical change because the wax gets converted into carbon dioxide whereas the rest of the options represent the physical change.


Hence the correct option is E.

Insoluble impurities from solution during crystallization are removed by :

  1. drying

  2. filtration

  3. heating

  4. cooling


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Heating is the process of increasing the temperature of a body from its original temperature.

Cooling is the process of decreasing the temperature of a body from its original temperature.
Filtration is the process of separating small particles of solid matter from a liquid, by causing the liquid to pass through the pores of some substance, called a filter.
Insoluble impurities from solution during crystallization are removed by filtration as the insoluble solid particles passed through the filter.
Drying is the process of drying up the liquid present on any material by heating the material.
Option B is correct.

While forming crystals, it is important to :

  1. evaporate to dryness to get purest possible crystals

  2. attach gas syringes to collect fumes

  3. not evaporate water of crystallization

  4. use high flames


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Crystals contain water of crystallization hence during formation of crystals water of crystallization should not be evaporated.

Also, crystallization is the process of formation of crystals. Crystals is defined as the highly organized molecule into a well-known structure.

Crystallisation is an example of chemical change.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Crystallization is a process of formation of solid crystals in a homogenous solution. Thus it is a physical process and not a chemical process.

The forbidden gap in germanium crystal is

  1. 0.7 eV

  2. $1.12X10^{19} J$

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. $1.1eV$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The energy difference between the valance and conduction band is called Forbidden energy gap$.$

The forbidden gap in germanium crystal is $0.7 eV$
Hence$,$ o[ption $(A)$ is correct$.$

Which of the following is not a feature of chemical change?


(I) Original substance can be obtained by simple physical methods.
(II) It is a temporary change.
(III) The new substances formed have properties different from those of the reacting substances.

  1. I, II

  2. I, III

  3. II, III

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

One more new substances one formed in a chemical change. The new substances formed have properties different from those of the reacting substances. A chemical change is always accompanied by the absorption or evolution of energy in the form of heat, light or sound.

Sun tanning is a/an :

  1. physical change

  2. chemical change

  3. both a and b

  4. intermediate


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Sun tanning is a chemical change as vitamin D and melanin are produced during tanning. As new products are formed during sun tanning, it is considered to be a chemical change.

Which factor when increased will cause an uncatalyzed reaction to proceed more quickly?

  1. Exothermic

  2. Particle Size

  3. Endothermic

  4. Catalyst


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Exothermic reactions are usually uncatalyzed and spontaneous. They are chemical reactions that release energy by light or heat. Energy is emitted out.

One of most common solvent used for crystallization is:

  1. syrup

  2. normal saline

  3. water

  4. sulphuric acid


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

One of the most common solvents is water. It is also called as a universal solvent.

Crystallization is the process of formation of crystals. Since water can be easily added or removed from the system. It is the most common for eg. ${ CuSO } _{ 4 }.5{ H } _{ 2 }O$
                                     ${ Fe } _{ 2 }{ O } _{ 3 }.n{ H } _{ 2 }O$

The process of obtaining salt by evaporation of seawater is known as :

  1. crystallisation

  2. sedimentation

  3. galvanization

  4. amalgamation


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

It is known as crystallization - because salt is obtained in crystal form.

Sedimentation is depositing solid as sediment
Galvanization - is the process of protecting iron/metal by a coating of zinc.
Amalgamation - is the formation of amalgam (an alloy of mercury with another metal).

Crystalisation takes place by the process of :

  1. evaporation

  2. condensation

  3. sublimation

  4. liquefication


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Crystalisation takes place by the process of vaporization.

Crystals are formed by ions, atoms, and molecules having an internal pattern that is ___________ and ___________.

  1. irregular, non-repeating

  2. regular, repeating

  3. regular, non-repeating

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In crystalline solids, the atoms, ions or molecules are arranged in an ordered and symmetrical pattern that is repeated over the entire crystal. The smallest repeating structure of a solid is called a unit cell, which is periodically repeated in three dimensions on a lattice.

Which of the following is the most common solvent used for crystallization?

  1. Organic solvent benzene

  2. Plain water

  3. A salt solution of water

  4. Dilute solution of sulphuric acid


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The most common solvent used in crystallization is water, it does not dissolve the substance to be purified at room temperature, but it dissolves it well at solvent's boiling point, and dissolves soluble impurities well at room temperature.
Water is capable of dissolving a variety of different substances than any other liquid and is called the universal solvent.

Solvent dissolve large amount of solute at________

  1. room temperature

  2. boiling temperature

  3. freezing temperature

  4. less than room temperature but more than freezing temperature


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The solvent dissolves a large amount of solute at boiling temperature, i.e an increase in temperature increases the solubility of the solute. As the temperature increases, the particles of the solid move faster which increases the chances that they will interact more with the solvent molecules. As the temperature increases, the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent increases generally is high at their individual boiling points.

Vacuum desiccator is used  _____ 

  1. for drying crystals

  2. for purifying crystals

  3. for separation of crystals

  4. for the process of crystallisation


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Desiccators are an economical and reliable way to assure dry, dust-free storage and organization of humidity sensitive products valuable reagents in crystalline form. Proper storage conditions can be optimized by selecting a desiccator size, shape and control mechanism best suited for the application.
The lower compartment of the desiccator contains lumps of silica gel, anhydrous calcium chloride to absorb water vapor. The substance needing the desiccation is put in the upper compartment, on a glazed perforated ceramic plate. The ground glass rim of the desiccator lid must be greased with a thin layer of vacuum grease. 

Phenolphthalein is a synthetic indicator and its color in acidic and basic solutions, respectively are: 

  1. red and blue

  2. blue and red

  3. pink and colorless

  4. colorless and pink


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Phenolphthalein [3,3-Bis (4- hydroxyphenyl)- 2 benzofuran- 1-one] is often used as an indicator in acid-base titrations. It turns colourless in acidic solutions and pink in basic solutions.

A synthetic indicator phenolphthalein gives ________ colour in basic solution.

  1. red

  2. blue

  3. pink

  4. colourless


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Phenolphthalein [3,3-Bis (4- hydroxyphenyl) - 2 benzofuran- 1-one] is often used as an indicator in acid-base titrations. It turns colourless in acidic solutions and pink in basic solutions. Phenolphthalein is slightly soluble in water and usually dissolved in alcohols for use in experiments. It is a weak acid which can loose $H^{+}$ ions in solution. Phenolphthalein molecule is colourless and phenolphthalein ion is pink in colour. When a base is added to phenolphthalein, the molecule turns in to ions leading to more ionization as $ H^{+} $ ions are removed.

Which of the following represents correct statement(s)?

  1. Salt can be obtained by the evaporation of sea water.

  2. The salt obtained during crystallisation is pure and its crystals are large.

  3. After crystallisation, the shape of the crystals can be seen clearly.

  4. Large crystals of pure substances cannot be formed from their solutions.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The option (A) represents correct statements.
Salt can be obtained by the evaporation of sea water.
The salt obtained during crystallisation is not pure and its crystals are small.
After crystallisation, the shape of the crystals cannot be seen clearly.
Large crystals of pure substances can be formed from their solutions.

Salt can be obtained by ___________ of sea water.

  1. sublimation

  2. cooling

  3. evaporation

  4. heating


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

On evaporation of seawater in shallow pools, salt along with impurities remain behind. Impured salt is taken in a tank and its saturated solution is prepared. In a saturated solution of salt, HCl vapours are passed. Chloride ions being common to both, it's concentration increases, and NaCl gets precipitated which is free from impurities.

The process of forming large crystals of pure substances from their solutions is known as __________.

  1. evaporation

  2. purification

  3. condensation

  4. crystallisation


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The process of forming large crystals of pure substances from their solutions is known as Crystallization. The principle of crystallization is concerned with the thermodynamic conditions of crystallization and the kinetics of crystal nucleation and growth.
Crystallization is the physical transformation of a liquid solution or gas to a crystal which is a solid with an ordered internal arrangement of molecules, ions or atoms.

Crystallisation is an example of ____________.

  1. physical change

  2. biological change

  3. chemical change

  4. fundamental change


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The process of formation of solid crystals from a homogeneous solution is called crystallization. It is a physical change. Crystallization is the solidification of atoms or molecules into a highly structured form called a crystal. It can also refer to the solid-liquid separation and purification technique in which mass transfer occurs from a liquid solution to a pure solid crystalline phase.

For example Salt we get from seawater can have many impurities in it. To remove these impurities, the process of crystallization is used.

Hence, the correct option is $A$

A synthetic indicator phenolphthalein gives _____ colour in acidic solution.

  1. red

  2. blue

  3. pink

  4. colourless


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Phenolphthalein [3,3-Bis (4- hydroxyphenyl)- 2 benzofuran- 1-one] is often used as an indicator in acid-base titrations. It turns colourless in acidic solutions and pink in basic solutions. Phenolphthalein is slightly soluble in water and usually dissolved in alcohols for use in experiments. It is a weak acid which can loose $H^{+}$ ions in solution.

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