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Terrestrial adaptation - class-VI

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The prickly pear cactus became unusually abundant after its introduction in Australia, because it _________________.

  1. had no co evolved herbivores

  2. formed new mycorrhizall association

  3. lost its thorns

  4. all of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Co evolution is caused by the selection pressure that each of the two species exerts on the other since there has been no co-evolved herbivore with prickly cactus, it became abundant in Australia.

Stems are covered by waxy coating in order to prevent

  1. Loss of water

  2. Photosynthesis

  3. Loss of carbon dioxide

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Stems are covered by waxy coating in order to prevent the loss of water and helps in maintaining the water level in the plant under dry conditions.

The process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment is known 

  1. Adaptation

  2. Migration

  3. Digestion

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment is known as adaptation.

The trees in mountain habitats usually have

  1. Cone shape

  2. Rectangle shape

  3. Oval shape

  4. Square shape


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The trees in mountain habitats usually have cone shape having sloping branches. This shape makes the rainwater and snow to slide off easily.

Which feature would be most helpful to a plant in a desert?

  1. Small leaves

  2. Large seeds

  3. Small roots

  4. Smelly flowers


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Option A is correct.
Small leaves will help as they can reduce water loss due to transpiration.

Stems are modified in cactus in order to perform

  1. Photosynthesis

  2. Digestion

  3. Excretion

  4. Respiration


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Stems are modified in cactus in order to perform Photosynthesis. Stems are flattened and green having thick waxy coating over them and helps in performing photosynthesis as leaves are converted into spines.

Which of the following is found in the mountains?

  1. Pine tree

  2. Mango tree

  3. Neem tree

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pine tree is found in the mountains.

 Most desert plants have roots that go very deep into the soil for

  1. Loss of water

  2. Absorption of water

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Most desert plants have roots that go very deep into the soil for the absorption of water.

Fir trees are found in

  1. Deserts

  2. Rivers

  3. Mountains

  4. Plains


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Fir trees are found in mountains.

The leaves of Pine tree are 

  1. Needle shaped

  2. Broad shaped

  3. Long and flat

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Option A is correct
The leaves of the Pine tree are needle-shaped in order to retain more water and helps the tree to survive in winter.

Which of these are abiotic components?

  1. Air

  2. Water

  3. Soil

  4. Rocks

  5. All of the above


Correct Option: E
Explanation:
The non-living things such as rocks, soil, air, and water in the habitat constitute its abiotic components.

Which of these is a biotic component?

  1. Plant

  2. Dust

  3. Table

  4. Car


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Plants is the biotic component.

What type of plants are found in deserts?

  1. Cactus

  2. Pines

  3. Fir trees

  4. Both B and C


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cactus are found in deserts as they are adapted to live in dry conditions.

Small changes that take place in the body of a single organism over short periods, to overcome small problems due to changes in the surroundings, are called

  1. Acclimatisation

  2. Adaptation

  3. Germination

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Small changes that take place in the body of a single organism over short periods, to overcome small problems due to changes in the surroundings, are called Acclimatisation.

The broad-leaved trees found on mountains shed their leaves before the onset of _______.

  1. Winter

  2. Summer

  3. Autumn

  4. Spring


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The broad-leaved trees found on mountains shed their leaves before the onset of winter. This prevents such trees from losing water from their leaves.

The north-facing side of a hill in a mountainous region in the US tends to:

  1. Receive less sunlight during a year than the south-facing side

  2. Grow a variety of trees that are typically observed at higher elevation

  3. Be a better location for a ski run than the south-facing side

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D

A permeable rock that contains hydrocarbon fluids and gasses is called a/an

  1. Oil trap

  2. Source bed

  3. Oil reservoir

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C

Which of the following is an important adaptation of animals too the cold climate?

  1. Thin layer of body fat

  2. Aestivation

  3. Increased tendency to shivering

  4. Reduced surface area to volume ratio


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Temperature affects the the absolute size of an animal and the relative proportions of various body parts, Birds and mammals attain grater body size in cold regions than in warm areas. But poikilotherms are smaller in cold region. This is Bargeman's rue. This is true because small animals have larger surface area relative to their volume, so if they are in cold, they lose their body heat very fast. In cold climate, reduced surface area to volume ratio is ideal. So, the correct answer is 'Reduced surface area to volume ratio'.

Which of the following is not an important adaptation of animals to cold climate?

  1. Thin layer of body fat

  2. Aestivation

  3. Increased tendency to shiver

  4. Reduced surface area to volume ratio


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The animals living in cold climate have various physiological adaptations like:

1) A thick layer of body fat called as Blubber to avoid loss of heat from body tissue.

2) Hibernation is a property of suspended metabolism in these organisms to surpass cold conditions.similar mechanism called aestivation exists in desert animals to survive in arid and hot conditions.

3) Increased tendency to shiver causes an increase in body temperature because of exercise thus help to withstand low temperatures.

4) The reduced surface area to volume ratio to prevent heat loss from the body surface. So, the correct answer is 'Aestivation'.

Animals living in cold regions have?

  1. legs to run fast

  2. fat for additional insulation

  3. long necks

  4. long eye lashes


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Animals that live in colder areas have to protect their bodies against extremely cold environmental conditions. Their bodies cannot withstand such cold climates. So, they have a thick white fur over their bodies. This provides an additional layer over their skin. As a result, the air gets trapped in this layer and it cannot pass through it, keeping their bodies insulated against the excessive cold.

So, option B " fat for additional insulation" is the correct answer.

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