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Grouping of materials - class-X

Description: grouping of materials
Number of Questions: 21
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Tags: element, compound and chemical reaction solution sorting materials into groups solutions is matter pure experiments with water substances in the surroundings - their states and properties evs the nature of matter separation of substances is matter around us pure chemistry materials and things materials grouping of materials water matter : nature and behaviour stoichiometric relationships nature of things
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The density of alcohol is 800 $ \displaystyle Kg/m^{3} $. Its relative density is:

evs nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. 8

  2. 0.8

  3. 0.08

  4. 800

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Relative density is the ratio of the density of the substance to the density of water.

We know that, density of water is $1 gm/cm^3   = 10^3 kg/m^3$

So, relative density of alcohol = $\dfrac{800}{1000}$ = $0.8$

Hence, option B is correct.

Solubility is the amount of the .................... present in the saturated solution at a particular temperature.

chemistry nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. solute

  2. solvent

  3. dispersed phase

  4. dispersed medium

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

At any particular temperature, a solution that has dissolved as much solute as it is capable of dissolving, is said to be a saturated solution. In other words, when no more solute can be dissolved in a solution at a given temperature, it is called a saturated solution. The amount of the solute present in the saturated solution at this temperature is called its solubility.

The amount of the solute present in the saturated solution at a particular temperature is called its :

chemistry nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. solubility

  2. saturation

  3. solvent concentration

  4. none of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

At any particular temperature, a solution that has dissolved as much solute as it is capable of dissolving is said to be a saturated solution.


The amount of solute present in the saturated solution at this temperature is called its solubility.

Hence, option A is correct.

A block of iron (density 9.8 $ \displaystyle g/cm^{3}) $ if added in mercury (density 13.6 $ \displaystyle g/cm^{3} $ ) will:

evs nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. sink

  2. float

  3. neither float nor sink i.e. remain suspended in mercury

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The average density of the object should be less than the density of the fluid in which the object has to float.


The density of object (iron) is less than the fluid (mercury).

Therefore, it will float.


Hence, option B is correct.

A block of aluminium of density 2.75 $ \displaystyle g/cm^{3} $ has a volume of 30$ \displaystyle cm^{3} $. The mass of the block is:

evs nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. $27$ gm

  2. $18 $ gm

  3. $82.5$ gm

  4. $810$ gm

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Mass $=$ Density $\times$ Volume

So, Mass of aluminium $=2.75 \times 30 = 82.5\  gm$
Hence, option $C$ is correct.

A block of wood has mass 200 kg. If the density of wood is 800 $ \displaystyle kg/m^{3} $, its volume will be:

evs nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. 0.25 $ \displaystyle  m^{3} $

  2. 25 $ \displaystyle  m^{3} $

  3. 250$ \displaystyle  cm^{3} $

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Volume = Mass/ Density
So, volume of wood = 200/800 = 0.25 $m^3$

Identify the materials from the following which float in water: 

evs nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. wax, iron nails, sponge

  2. plastic, wood, oil

  3. ice, oil, sand

  4. honey, thermocol, keys

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Things which are lighter than water or less dense than water will not sink in water eg. plastic, wood, and oil.

Opaque objects:

evs nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. does not transmit most of the light falling on them

  2. transmit most of the light falling on them

  3. absorb most of the light falling on them

  4. are strong and hard

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

An opaque object is neither transparent (allowing all light to pass through) nor translucent (allowing some light to pass through). When light strikes an interface between two substances, in general, some may be reflected, some absorbed, some scattered, and the rest transmitted. 

Transparent substances:

evs nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. absorb all the light incident on them.

  2. allow light to pass through them.

  3. do not allow light to pass through them.

  4. allow light to pass through them only partially.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Transparent substances allows the light to pass through them. Due to this it is possible to see through the transparent substances. 

Example: We are able to see through the some glasses because they are transparent.

Which of the following is translucent?

chemistry nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. Copper

  2. Wood

  3. Butter paper

  4. Glass

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The material through which light can pass partially is called translucent, e.g. butter paper, thin curtain, tinted glass etc.

Find the odd man out in terms of material it is made of:

chemistry nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. Rubber

  2. Gold

  3. Coal

  4. Chalk

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Coal, chalk and rubber all are non-metals but gold is metal with lustre and is the good conductor of heat and electricity whereas non-metals are bad conductors of heat and electricity.

Which of the following has dull appearance?

chemistry nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. Gold foil

  2. Aluminium foil

  3. Steel rod

  4. Bricks

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The appearance of an object depends on color, hardness, texture, and luster of its material. Materials which are made up by non-metals have dull appearance eg. bricks.

Select the metal which is hardest among the following:

chemistry nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. silver

  2. gold

  3. platinum

  4. aluminium

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

As the size of the metal increases, they become harder.

So, size of the metals- $Al < Ag < Au < Pt$
As we move across the period size decreases hence $Pt>Au$. 
$\therefore$ $Pt$ is hardest.

Which among the following is the softest metal?

chemistry nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. Platinum

  2. Silver

  3. Iron

  4. Aluminium

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

As the size of the metal increases its softness decreases.

So, the increasing size of the given metals-
$Al < Fe < Ag < Pt$
Hence, $Al$ is the softest metal among these.

Most balloons, tires, and footballs are made of rubber. This is because rubber is:

chemistry nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. naturally available

  2. cheap

  3. an electrical insulator

  4. soft and flexible

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Rubber is a ploymer which a naturally available cheap ploymer which is extracted from rubber trees.It is used to prepare ballons,tires and footballs because rubber is both soft and flexible.

Which of the following is lustrous?

chemistry nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. Steel furniture

  2. Wooden furniture

  3. Plastic chair

  4. Football

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Different objects look different from each other according to their material they are made from. The appearance depends on color, hardness, texture, and lustre.  Metals are lustrous due to free electrons on their surfaces. Hence materials made of metals have lustre.

You are provided with the following four materials as wood, plastic, wool and steel. Which of the given material will you identify as hardest and softest respectively?

chemistry nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. Wood and wool

  2. Plastic and steel

  3. Wool and steel

  4. Steel and wool

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Materials which are difficult to compress are called hard and materials which are easy to compress are called soft.

Hard materials :Steel,wood,etc.
Soft materials :Wool,cotton etc.
Here steel >wood>wool [hardness]
So,steel is hardest and wool is soffest.

Find the odd one out on the basis of the appearance of an object.

chemistry nature of things properties of materials grouping and classification of objects sorting materials into groups

  1. Paper

  2. Cardboard

  3. Iron

  4. Playing cards

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Paper cardboard,playing cards can be tampered or burnt i.e the level of hardness of these three objects is very low  while iron is very hard and cannot be tampered by bare hands.

Milk and water dissolve in each other. They are:

chemistry sorting materials into groups properties of materials grouping and classification of objects nature of things

  1. immiscible liquids

  2. solvent and solutions

  3. miscible liquids

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The two liquid which can dissolve in each other and make a homogenous mixture is called miscible liquid.

Milk and water are miscible liquids.

Option (C) is correct.

Kerosene floats on water because :

evs sorting materials into groups properties of materials grouping and classification of objects nature of things

  1. kerosene has more density

  2. kerosene has less energy

  3. densities of water and kerosene are equal

  4. water has more density

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Water is denser than kerosene. The density of water is $1000kg/m^3$ and kerosene is $810kg/m^3$

when something is less dense than the water then it floats on water. Thus kerosene floats on water.

Option D is correct.

During the formation of rain, when water vapour changes back to liquid in the form of rain drops:

chemistry grouping of materials properties of materials grouping and classification of objects nature of things

  1. Heat is absorbed

  2. Heat is released

  3. Heat is first absorbed and then released

  4. There is no exchange of heat

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The energy contained in the gaseous form (vapour) is more than the energy contained in the liquid form (water). Therefore when vapour changes to water it loses some heat.

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