Plant adaptation and modification - class-VII
Description: plant adaptation and modification | |
Number of Questions: 21 | |
Created by: Divya Kade | |
Tags: evs the leaf structure and functions of living organisms -i roots and leaves the living world of plants biology reproduction and modification in plants plants: forms and function |
In some __, the leaf base may become swollen and is called as __.
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monocots, sheathing leaf base
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legumes, pulvinus
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legumes, sheathing leaf base
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monocots, pulvinus
Some plants are characterized by well-developed pulvini, small swelling at the base of the leaves, on the shoots. These leaves are individually attached, flattened and helically arranged. Pulvinus facilitates growth independent movement and is common in members of Fabaceae family.
Leaves are modified for storage of food in
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Tridax
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Pea
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Onion
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Beans
A) Tridex is the flowering plant that belongs to family Asteraceae.
The edible portion in a fresh onion comprises-
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modified leaves
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buds and leaf bases
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swollen stem
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disc-like stem
The onion is an underground stem. It is a stem modification thta gets modified to store food. There is a disc-like a stem which makes up e edible part of the onion. It is called a bulb.
The tendril of sweet pea plant is modified
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Auxiliary bud
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Stipule
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Terminal leaflet of compound leaf
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Aerial routs
The tendril of sweet pea is a modification of the terminal leaflet of the leaf into a slender wiry and coiled structure that helps in support of the plant.
Which of following is incorrect for trichomes?
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Trichomes are leaf modifications which minimize water loss
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Usually multicellular
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They may even be secretory
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Help in water absorption
- Trichomes are the epidermal outgrowths on the vegetative and reproductive parts of the plant.
- These are hair-like structures which may be unicellular or multicellular.
- Some trichomes are secretory in nature and are known as glandular trichomes. For example, tannins, resins, gum etc., are some products secreted by trichomes.
- Trichomes help in the absorption of water and minerals.
Find incorrect match.
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Fleshy leaves - onion
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Underground stem - Turmeric
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Racemose - Solanum
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Phylloclade - Euphorbia
- The onion plant has bluish-green leaves and its bulb at the base of the plant begins to swell when a certain day-length is reached. The bulbs are composed of shortened, compressed, underground stems surrounded by fleshy modified scale leaves that envelop a central bud at the tip of the stem.
- Underground stems are modified plant structures that derive from stem tissue but exist under the soil surface. Turmeric is the rhizome or underground stem.
- In racemose inflorescence, the growing region at the tip of the flower stalk continues to produce new flower buds during growth. As a result, the youngest flowers are at the top and the oldest flowers are at the base of the stalk. Mustard shows racemose inflorescence. Cyme inflorescence is present in Solanum. A Cyme is a group of flowers in which the end of each growing point produces a flower, so new growth comes from side shoots and the oldest flowers are at the top.
- Phylloclade is a flattened branch or stem-joint resembling and functioning as a leaf. Phylloclade is a stem modification for deserts like area in which the stem becomes broad and fattened (in Opuntia) or cylindrical (in euphorbia)
The waxy material deposited in the casparian strip of the endodermis is
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Pectin
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Suberin
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Cellulose
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Lignin
- Suberin is a cell wall constituent that forms gas and watertight layers. It is part of the Casparian strip of the root endodermis, where it acts as a diffusion barrier between the apoplast of the root cortex and the central cylinder.
- Suberin is present in many C4 plants as an impermeable layer between the bundle sheath and mesophyll cells.
_________ traps the insect.
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Sunflower
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Tuberose
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Mimosa
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Venus fly trap
The venus fly trap which looks and smells like a flower to insects. When they land on it, they touch a trigger hair which slams the trap shut and they are then digested by the plant.
Insectivorous plants commonly grow in areas where soil is deficient in
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Carbon
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Nitrogen
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Potassium
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Phosphorus
The insectivorous plants are the carnivorous plants which feed on the insects. These plants have adapted to grow in the extreme conditions of the soil such as acidic pH. Generally, these plants are known to grow in the soil which is deficient in the mineral nutrients due to the presence of acid. The plant can grow in the soil which have low levels of nitrogen.
An example of a parasitic plant that is also strictly epiphytic is
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cuscuta(dodder)
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Viscum(mistletoe)
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Rafflesia
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Orobanche
- Cuscuta is a large and widely distributed genus of twining leafless parasitic herbs.
- Viscum is a common example of partial stem parasites, which grow as parasitic epiphytes on host plants. But it can carry out photosynthesis and manufacture their own food.
- Rafflesia is a parasitic plant that lacks chlorophyll and contains a single very large flower.
- Orobanche is the genus of more than 200 species of the parasitic nature plants.
So, option B is correct.
Aldrovanda is
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Fly catcher plant
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Water flea trap
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Devil's foot
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None of these
Aldrovanda vesiculosa, also famous as the waterwheel plant. This plant captures small aquatic invertebrates using water flea traps. The traps are arranged in spirals around a central, free-floating stem. This is one of the rare plant species capable of rapid movement.
So option B is correct.
Which modified leaf prevents transpiration?
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Tendril
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Spine
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Pitcher
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None of the above
A) Tendrils are the modification of leaves that help climbers to climb the support.
In which plant, leaves are modified due to the deficiency of nitrogen in the soil?
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Pea
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Snake gourd
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Cactus
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Nepenthes
Leaf pitcher is found in Nepenthes is a modified leaf which is converted into a lid to capture small insects and digest it to overcome nitrogen deficiency.
In which of the following plant, leaves are modified into the wiry coiled structure?
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Opuntia
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Potato
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Pea
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Snake gourd
Leaves of some plant get modify to form tendrils. These are thin, wiry, and spirally coiled. It holds the support by coiling around it and help the weak stem to climb the support.
Which of the following leaves are modified to fulfill their nitrogen deficiency?
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Onion
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Opuntia
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Nepenthes
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Utricularia
- Onion leaves are modified to store food and water called scale leaves.
- Opuntia or prickly pear leaves modified into spines for defensive purpose.
- Nepenthes leaves are modified into leaf-pitcher to trap insects so that they fulfill their nitrogen deficiency.
- Utricularia is an insectivorous plant that grows in water and their leaves get modified to leaf-bladder for digesting insects.
Leaf tip tendrils are present in
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Smilax
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Lathyrus
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Pisum
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Gloriosa
Spines present on the areoles of Opuntia represent
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stem
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leaves
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buds
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phyllodes
Areoles are the evolutionary modification in the cacti. These modifications give rise to spines and glochids which are the means of self-defense. These spines effectively cover the cacti. These evolved as abortive branch buds while their spines evolved as vestigial leaves.
Which of the following plants parts in garlic onion are edible?
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Underground stem
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Fleshy scale leaves
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Tunic
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Adventitious roots
'Fleshy scale leaves' in garlic and onion are edible plant parts.
Phyllodes are seen in
I) Nepenthes
II) Australian acacia
III) Opuntia
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I only
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I and II only
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II only
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I and III only
The pulvinus in 'Touch-me-not plant' plays an important role in
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Photosynthesis
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leaf fall
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Leaf movement
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Transpiration
The leaves close under various other stimuli, such as touching, warming, blowing, or shaking. ... The stimulus can also be transmitted to neighboring leaves. It is not known exactly why Mimosa pudica evolved this trait, but many scientists think that the plant uses its ability to shrink as a defense from herbivores. So, the correct option is "C" (Leaf movement).
In Duranta, axillary buds and in Carrisa the apical bud is modified into stem thorns, what is correct for Ulex? It has
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Leaf tendrils and stem spines
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Leaf spines
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Stem thorns
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Both stem thorns as well as leaf spines
In Duranta, axillary buds and in Carrisa the apical bud is modified into stem thorns, for ulex both stem thorns as well as leaf spines are modified.
Hence, option D is correct.