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Kidney transplant - class-XI

Description: kidney transplant
Number of Questions: 19
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Tags: excretion - the wastage disposing system excretory system of human biology excretion and osmoregulation
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Which of the following array of genes can be related to a kidney transplant?

  1. MHC

  2. HLA

  3. Lac gene

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: B

The best kidney transplant can be carried out when

  1. Blood group of donor matches with the recipient.

  2. HLA of donor matches with the recipient.

  3. Glomerular rate of filtration of a donor matches with the recipient.

  4. Both A and B.


Correct Option: D

A father wants to donate his kidney to his son. Under which type of graft can be the father's kidney categorised?

  1. Isograft

  2. Xenograft

  3. Allograft

  4. Autograft


Correct Option: C

The compatibility between the donor and the recipient is decided on the basis of 

  1. Blood group matching.

  2. HLA matching.

  3. Rh factor matching.

  4. Both A and B.


Correct Option: D

End-stage renal disease is an indication for

  1. Kidney viability.

  2. Kidney transplant.

  3. Glomerular filtration.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

End stage renal disease is the stage when both the kidneys have stopped functioning, the survival of the patient depends on dialysis which is a periodic process of cleaning the patient's blood of wastes or a non functional kidney is replaced through transplantation from a donor.

So, the correct answer is 'Kidney transplant'

Genetic deficiency of ADH-receptor leads to

  1. Diabetes mellitus

  2. Diabetes insipidus

  3. Glycosuria

  4. Nephrogenic diabetes


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Diabetes insipidus is a condition caused by the deficiency of antidiuretic hormone ADH in the body. ADH(Antidiuretic hormone) helps the kidneys keep the correct amount of water in the body. Diabetes insipidus is marked by intense thirst and heavy urination. Thus the genetic deficiency of ADH-receptor leads to Diabetes insipidus i.e even if ADH is present in the body it cannot show its action due to the absence of ADH-receptor hence leads to Diabetes insipidus.
So, the correct answer is 'Diabetes insipidus'.

Which of the following medical procedure can be related to a kidney transplant?

  1. Ultrasound

  2. ECG

  3. HLA typing

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D

Consider the following four statement (i-iv) regarding kidney transplant and select the correct statements
(i) Even if a kidney transplant is proper the recipient may need to take immuno-suppressants for a long time.
(ii) The cell-mediated immune response is responsible for the graft rejection.
(iii) The B-lymphocytes are responsible for rejection of the graft.
(iv) The acceptance or rejection of a kidney transplant depends on specific interferons.

The correct statements are


  1. (ii) and (iii)

  2. (iii) and (iv)

  3. (i) and (iii)

  4. (i) and (ii)


Correct Option: D

The post-surgery complications of a kidney transplant like infection and sepsis is caused due to the use of 

  1. Psychoactive drugs.

  2. Immunosuppressant.

  3. Analgesics.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Immuno-suppressant drugs are prescribed if a patient is suffering from an autoimmune disorder or has undergone an organ transplant like a liver, heart or kidney. This is done to prevent the organ from being damaged by the immune system of the recipient. However, as the immune system is being suppressed the patient/recipient may be prone to infections, sepsis or other pathological conditions.

So, the correct answer is 'Immunosuppressant'

The renal artery of the new kidney, which is previously connected from the abdominal aorta in the donor will be connected to ........... artery in the recipient.

  1. Superior vena cava.

  2. External iliac.

  3. Inferior aorta.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

During a kidney transplant usually the failed kidney is not removed instead the transplanted kidney is placed in the iliac fossa (cavity) Conventionally, the kidney receives blood from the renal artery and the renal vein drains blood into the inferior vena cava. However, since the kidney is placed in the iliac fossa that receives blood from the external iliac artery the transplanted kidney is connected to the external iliac artery and accordingly to the external iliac vein. This is also done to make the further surgeries, if required to be less complicated. So, the correct answer is 'External iliac'

The renal vein of the new kidney is connected to the ......................... in the recipient, which in the donor, drains blood to the inferior vena cava.
  1. External iliac vein

  2. Internal iliac vein

  3. Vena cava

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Answer is option B i.e."Internal iliac vein"
The internal iliac vein drains blood from the visceral organs in the pelvic region. The internal iliac vein may double all these veins and tributaries join together to form the inferior vena cava.

Enema is the given to the patient before the kidney transplant to prevent the

  1. Cardiac blockage.

  2. Bowel blockage.

  3. Urethral blockage.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: B

In which of the following area is the incision made to transplant a kidney?

  1. Lower abdomen

  2. Upper abdomen

  3. Aortic vein

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A

Isografts are not rejected during a kidney transplant because the donor is 

  1. Genetically identical.

  2. Genetically dissimilar.

  3. Belongs to same species.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Isograft is a tissue or organ transplanted from a donor to a recipient who are identical or monozygotic twins. In an isograft transplantation the chances of rejection are near to nil with identical MHCs as they are genetically identical.

So, the correct answer is 'Genetically identical.'

Which of the following cell-surface proteins encoded by HLA is estimated before the transplant before rejection?

  1. Immunoglobulins

  2. MHC

  3. APC

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: B

The transplant of a kidney from a monkey into human is rejected vigorously since it acts as a

  1. Autograft.

  2. Xenograft.

  3. Isograft.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Monkey and humans have evolved into two distinct lineages and are distinct species and therefore have a dissimilar genetic composition. Any transplant between these two organisms is known as a xenograft. Which may be rejected vigorously due to greater than required MHC incompatibility.

So, the correct answer is 'Xenograft'


Which of the following type of donor is rejected during kidney transplant?

  1. Autograft

  2. Isograft

  3. Allograft

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Allograft is a tissue or organ transplanted from a donor to recipient of the same species but is genetically different and therefore may face rejection during kidney transplant due to distinct HLA proteins

So, the correct answer is 'Allograft'

The highest genetic variation is seen in which of the following type of the donor for a kidney transplant?

  1. Autograft

  2. Xenograft

  3. Allograft

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: B

First kidney transplantation in India was done on _______

  1. May 1965

  2. February 1965

  3. May 1994

  4. May 1978


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The first human kidney transplant performed in India was done at the King Edward Memorial Hospital at Mumbai In may 1965.
So, the correct answer is 'May 1965'.
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