0

Electromagnetic waves - class-XII

Description: electromagnetic waves
Number of Questions: 18
Created by:
Tags: physics electromagnetic waves
Attempted 0/18 Correct 0 Score 0

The matter-wave picture of electromagnetic wave/radiation elegantly incorporated the:

  1. Heinsenbergs uncertainty principle

  2. correspondence principle

  3. cosmic theory

  4. Hertzs observations


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The matter-wave picture of electromagnetic wave/radiation elegantly incorporated  the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.

The correct option is A.

If $c$ is the speed, $\nu$ is frequency and $\displaystyle \lambda $ is wavelength of EM waves, then

  1. $\displaystyle c=\nu\lambda $

  2. $\displaystyle \frac { \lambda }{ \nu } =c$

  3. $\displaystyle \frac { \nu }{ \lambda } =c$

  4. $\displaystyle \frac { 1 }{ \lambda } =\frac { c }{ \nu} $


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$\displaystyle c=\nu \lambda $
$c=$speed
$\nu=$Frequency
$\displaystyle \lambda $ = wavelength

The broad wavelength range of visible spectrum is:

  1. $4000-8000A^o$

  2. $2000-4000A^o$

  3. $10000-20000A^o$

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The wavelength range of $4000-8000 A^o$ is known as visible spectrum as waves within this wavelength range create a sensation of vision in our eyes.

Identify which of the following light rays has the highest energy?

  1. Violet

  2. Green

  3. Yellow

  4. Orange

  5. Red


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Energy of light ray      $E = h\nu$                $\implies E \propto \nu$

Among all the visible rays, violet ray has the highest frequency, Thus violet ray has the highest energy. 

The portion of the spectrum beyond the red end is called

  1. UV spectrum

  2. Infrard spectrum

  3. Microwave

  4. All


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The portion of spectrum just beyond the red end is called infrared spectrum, while the portion of the spectrum just before the voilet end is called the ultravoilet spectrum.

Wavelength of gamma rays are :

  1. ${ 10 }^{ -10 }m$ to less than ${ 10 }^{ -14 }m$

  2. ${ 10 }^{ -14 }m$ to less than ${ 10 }^{ -10 }m$

  3. ${ 10 }^{ -11 }m$ to less than ${ 10 }^{ -14 }m$

  4. ${ 10 }^{ -14 }m$ to less than ${ 10 }^{ -6 }m$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Electromagnetic radiations are present all around us in different forms such as microwaves, radio waves, gamma rays, and X-rays. These radiations can be defined as a form of energy produced by the movement of electrically charged particles that can be found in matter or vacuum or by oscillating magnetic or electric disturbance.


Properties of electromagnetic radiations :

1) They travel through empty space
2) The speed of light always remains constant i.e. 2.99792458 X 10 8 m/s.
3) Wavelength is the measure between the distance of either troughs or crests.  Its symbol is 'Lambda'.

Gamma rays have no mass.  They arise from the high-frequency end of the electromagnetic spectrum.  They have the highest penetration power.   They are at least ionizing.  The Gamma rays carry a large amount of energy and can travel through the thick and thin material. Gamma rays have frequencies greater than about 1018 cycles per second or Hertz.  They have wavelengths of less than 100 picometer.  Gamma rays can kill living cells.  It is used to kill cancerous cells.   They can also kill bacteria.

Electromagnetic wave with frequencies greater than the critical frequency of ionosphere cannot be used for communication using sky wave propagation because

  1. The refractive index of ionosphere becomes very high for $f > f _ { c }$

  2. The refractive index of ionosphere becomes very low for $f > f _ { c }$

  3. The refractive index of ionosphere becomes very high for $f < f _ { c }$

  4. The refractive index of ionosphere becomes very low for $f < f _ { c }$


Correct Option: B

Which is having minimum wavelength ?

  1. X-rays

  2. Ultraviolet rays

  3. y - rays

  4. Cosmic rays


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cosmic Rays             ${{10}^{-14}}m\,\,\,to\,\,{{10}^{-12}}m$

$\gamma $ Rays                        ${{10}^{-12}}m\,\,\,to\,\,{{10}^{-10}}m$

$x$ Rays                        ${{10}^{-10}}m\,\,\,to\,\,{{10}^{-09}}m$

Ultraviolet Rays         ${{10}^{-07}}m\,\,\,to\,\,\,4\times {{10}^{-07}}m$ 

Hence, Cosmic Rays have smallest wavelength.

If $P$ represents radiation pressure, $c$ represents speed of lights and $l$ represents radiation energy striking a unit area per second, then non -zero integers $x,y$ and $z$ such that $P^ xl^ yc^z$ is dimensionless are

  1. $x=0, y=0, z=0$

  2. $x=1, y=-1, z=1$

  3. $x=-1, y=1, z=1$

  4. $x=1, y=1, z=1$


Correct Option: A

An electromagnetic radiation has an energy 14.4 eV. To which region of electromagnetic spectrum does it belong?

  1. Ultraviolet region

  2. Visible region

  3. X-ray region

  4. Y-ray region


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

$ E=\dfrac{hc}{\lambda } $

$ \lambda =\dfrac{hc}{E}=\dfrac{6.626\times {{10}^{-34}}\times 3\times {{10}^{8}}}{14.4\times 1.6\times {{10}^{-19}}}=0.86\times {{10}^{-09}} $

Cosmic Rays                ${{10}^{-14}}m\,\,\,to\,\,{{10}^{-12}}m$

$\gamma$ Rays                        ${{10}^{-12}}m\,\,\,to\,\,{{10}^{-10}}m$

$x$ Rays                        ${{10}^{-10}}m\,\,\,to\,\,{{10}^{-09}}m$

Ultraviolet Rays         ${{10}^{-7}}m\,\,\,to\,\,\,4\times {{10}^{-7}}m$

Hence, it lies in $x$ Rays region.

Electromagnetic wave of intensity $1400\ W/m^{2}$ falls on metal surface on area $1.5\ m^{2}$ is completely absorbed by it. Find out force exerted by beam.

  1. $14\times 10^{-5}N$

  2. $14\times 10^{-6}N$

  3. $7\times 10^{-5}N$

  4. $7\times 10^{-6}N$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
For a perfectly absorbing surface,
$F=\dfrac{IA}{C}$

$=\dfrac{(1400w/m^2\times 1.5m^2)}{(3\times 10^8m/s)}$

$=7\times 10^{-6}N$.

Which one of the following is the primary effect of UV radiation caused due to depletion of ozone layer?

  1. Heart attack

  2. Skin cancer

  3. High fever

  4. All of these

  5. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The ozone layer prevents most harmful UV wavelengths of ultraviolet light (UV light) from passing through the Earth's atmosphere. These wavelengths cause skin cancer, sunburn and cataracts, which were projected to increase dramatically as a result of thinning ozone, as well as harming plants and animals.

A gas of identical hydrogen like atoms has some atoms in ground state and some atoms in a particular excited state and there are no atoms in any other energy level. The atoms of the gas make transition to a higher state by absorbing monochromatic light of wavelength $304 \AA $. subsequently, the atoms emit radiation of only six different photon energies. Some of emitted photons have wavelength $304 \AA $, some have wavelength more and some have less than $304 \AA $ ( Take $hc = 12420 eV - \AA $)
Find the principal quantum number of the initially excited state.

  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 4


Correct Option: A

A gas of identical hydrogen like atoms has some atoms in ground state and some atoms in a particular excited state and there are no atoms in any other energy level. The atoms of the gas make transition to a higher state by absorbing monochromatic light of wavelength $304 \mathring A $. subsequently, the atoms emit radiation of only six different photon energies. Some of emitted photons have wavelength $304 \mathring A $, some have wavelength more and some have less than $304 \mathring A $ ( Take $hc = 12420 eV - \mathring A $). Find the principal quantum number of the initially excited state.

  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 4


Correct Option: A

A gas of identical hydrogen like atoms has some atoms in ground state and some atoms in a particular excited state and there are no atoms in any other energy level. The atoms of the gas make transition to a higher state by absorbing monochromatic light of wavelength $304 \mathring A $. subsequently, the atoms emit radiation of only six different photon energies. Some of emitted photons have wavelength $304 \mathring A $, some have wavelength more and some have less than $304 \mathring A $ ( Take $hc = 12420 eV - mathring A $). Find the principal quantum number of the initially excited state.

  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 4


Correct Option: A

Mark the correct option in impure spectrum :

  1. Order of colours is reverse

  2. Order of colours is irregular

  3. colours are overlapped

  4. no colours is present


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

For impure spectrum:

  1. The order of colours is are straight, hence option a is false
  2. Order of colours are regular
  3. Colours are overlapped each other in impure spectrum
  4. Colours are present in impure spectrum
Hence option C is the correct statement according to the impure spectrum

Radiations of intensity 0.5 W/m2 are striking a metal plate. The pressure on the plate is

  1. $0.166 \times 10^{-8} N/m2$

  2. $0.332 \times 10-8 N/m^2$

  3. $0.111 \times 10-8 N/m^2$

  4. $0.083 \times 10-8 N/m^2$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Intensity or power per unit area of the radiations,
$P = pv$
$\Rightarrow p=\dfrac{p}{v} = \dfrac{0.5}{3\times 10^8}=0.166\times 10^{-8}N/m^2$

Radiation pressure on any surface :

  1. is dependent on wavelength of the light used

  2. is dependent on nature of surface and intensity of light used

  3. is dependent on frequency and nature of surface

  4. depends on the nature of source from which light is coming and on nature of surface on which it is falling.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Radiation pressure is given by   $P _R = \dfrac{(1+\alpha) I}{c}$
where $\alpha$ is the coefficient of reflection of the surface.
For completely reflecting surface  $\alpha =1$
For completely absorbing surface  $\alpha = 0$
So,  radiation pressure depends on the nature of surface on which the light is falling but independent of wavelength of light falling.

- Hide questions