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Ionic bond - class-IX

Description: ionic bond
Number of Questions: 17
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Tags: chemistry atomic structure and chemical bonding
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$ZnS$ is an example of :

  1. ionic compound

  2. covalent compound

  3. coordinate compound

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Zinc sulphide is an ionic compound. It is composed of $Zn^{2+} \ and \ S^{2-}$ ions.

Some atoms attain their noble gas configuration by transfer of electrons. This method of attaining inert gas configuration is known as :

  1. electrovalency

  2. covalency

  3. inertness

  4. stabilisation


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Electrovalency is the process of attaining inert gas configuration by transfer of electrons.

Na is more stable that $Na^+$.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$Na^{+}$ is more stable due to completion of octet. $Na$ atom do not have complete octate thus it unstable and try to be stable by losing an electron.

A neutral atom of an element has a nucleus with nuclear charge $11$ times and mass $23$ times that of hydrogen. The element can form a stable charged ion by:

  1. losing 1 electron

  2. losing 2 electrons

  3. gaining 1 electron

  4. gaining 2 electrons


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Atomic number of hydrogen $= 1$.

$\therefore$ The atomic number of neutral atom $= 11$ & electronic configuration $= 2, 8, 1$. 
Therefore, on losing one electron, the atom forms the stable noble gas configuration as $2, 8$.

So, the correct option is A.

The element that exhibits both electro valency and covalency is?

  1. Neon

  2. Sodium

  3. Barium

  4. None


Correct Option: A

In electrovalency :

  1. Transfer of electrons takes place

  2. Sharing of electrons takes place

  3. Sharing of electrons by one atom only

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In Ionic bonds, metals lose electron(s) and non-metals gain the electrons. Hence, the transfer of electron(s) takes place from metal to non-metal atom.


Therefore, option A is correct.

Sodium atom with electronic configuration 2, 8, 1 achieves stable electronic configuration by ----------  one electron from its outer shell.

  1. loosing

  2. gaining

  3. covalency

  4. none


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Sodium has unstable configuration $1s^2 2s^2p^6 3s^1$ and it achieves stable configuration by loosing one electron as $Na^+ - 1s^2 2s^2p^6$

Formula of Aluminium oxide is :

  1. $Al _{3}O _{2}$

  2. $Al _{2}O _{3}$

  3. $AlO$

  4. none of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Aluminium (2,8,3)
oxygen (2,6)
so aluminium oxide is $Al _2O _3$

Which of the following is not a common characteristic of an electrovalent compound?

  1. High melting point

  2. Conducts electricity 

  3. Consists of oppositely charged ions

  4. Ionizes when dissolved in water

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Only in molten and solution forms electrovalent compounds conduct electricity because ions flows in molten and solution forms. So, it is not the common characteristic of  electrovalent compound.

Hence option B is correct.


An electrovalent bond is formed when a metal atom transfers one or more electrons to a non-metal atom in :

  1. ionic compounds

  2. covalent compounds

  3. metallic compounds

  4. crystalline solids


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An electrovalent bond is formed when a metal atom transfers one or more electrons to a non-metal atom and these compounds are called ionic compounds.

Pertaining to metallurgy, when "M" is a metal, its compound $MY _2$ is :

  1. Covalent

  2. Ionic

  3. Inorganic

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Reaction:

$M-2e^- \rightarrow M^{2+}$

$2Y+2e^- \rightarrow 2Y^-$

$M^{2+} + 2Y^- \rightarrow MY _2$

So, this is an ionic compound.

In electrovalency:

  1. molecules lose electrons forming atoms

  2. molecules gain electrons forming atoms

  3. atoms share electrons

  4. atoms lose or gain electrons forming ions


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Electrovalency is shown by atoms when it looses or gains electrons in order to attain stability. Electrovalency is seen in ionic bonds. Electrovalency is equal to the number of electrons lost or gained by atom to form ion.

Example:- $CaCl _2$
Formation of $Ca^{2 _+}(Cl^-) _2$
Electrovalency of Calcium is $+2$ and is called positive electrovalency.
Electrovalency of Chlorine is $-1$ and is called negative electrovalency.

According to Coulomb's law, the force of attraction (F) between two oppositely charged ions separated by a distance d in air is given by

  1. $F = \dfrac {1}{4 \pi \epsilon _0 K} \times \dfrac {q _1q _2}{d^2}$

  2. $F = \dfrac {1}{4 \pi \epsilon _0 K} \times \dfrac {q _1q _2}{(r^+ + r^-)^2}$

  3. $F = {4 \pi \epsilon _0 K} \times \dfrac {q _1q _2}{d}$

  4. $F = {1}{4 \pi \epsilon _0 K} \times \dfrac {q _1q _2}{(r^+ + r^-)}$


Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:

According to Coulomb's law, the force of attraction (F) between two oppositely charged ions separated by a distance d in air is given by
$F = \dfrac {1}{4 \pi \epsilon _0 K} \times \dfrac {q _1q _2}{d^2}$ or $F = \dfrac {1}{4 \pi \epsilon _0 K} \times \dfrac {q _1q _2}{(r^+  + r^-)^2}$

Which of the following factor(s) favour the formation of ionic bond?

  1. The electrostatic attraction between charged ions in the crystal (i.e, lattice energy) should be low.

  2. Both atoms should be equal in size.

  3. The combining elements should differ by at least 2.0 in electronegativity.

  4. The cation and anion should have inert gas electronic configuration.


Correct Option: C,D
Explanation:

The following factors favour the formation of ionic bond.
The electrostatic attraction between charged ions in the crystal (i.e, lattice energy) should be high.
One of the atoms (metal) should be large in size. Other atom (non metal) should be small in size.
The combining elements should differ by at least 2.0 in electronegativity.
The cation and anion should have inert gas electronic configuration.

Which of the following represents true statement(s)?

  1. CsCl is more stable than NaCl because $(r _{Na+} + r _{Cl^-}) < (r _{Cs+} + r _{Cl^-}) $

  2. NaCl is more stable than CsCl because $(r _{Na+} + r _{Cl^-}) < (r _{Cs+} + r _{Cl^-}) $

  3. NaCl is more stable than MgO because the product of $q _1$ and $q _2$ in MgO is nearly four times to that in NaCl.

  4. MgO is more stable than NaCl because the product of $q _1$ and $q _2$ in MgO is nearly four times to that in NaCl.


Correct Option: B,D
Explanation:

The options (B) and (D)  represents true statements.
NaCl is more stable than CsCl because $(r _{Na+} + r _{Cl^-}) < (r _{Cs+} + r _{Cl^-}) $
MgO is more stable than NaCl because the product of $q _1$ and $q _2$ in MgO is nearly four times to that in NaCl.
Note:
According to Coulomb's law, the force of attraction (F) between two oppositely charged ions separated by a distance d in air is given by $F

= \dfrac {1}{4 \pi \epsilon _0 K} \times \dfrac {q _1q _2}{d^2}$ or $F =

\dfrac {1}{4 \pi \epsilon _0 K} \times \dfrac {q _1q _2}{(r^+  + r^-)^2}$

In the atom of an element X, 6 electrons are present in the outermost shell. If it acquires noble gas configuration by accepting requisite number of electrons, then what would be the charge on the ion so formed?

  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 4


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Electronic configuration of noble gas is $\mathrm{(2,8)}$. It has $\mathrm{8}$ electron in its outermost orbitals.
Element X has $\mathrm{6}$ electrons in its outermost shell. So, it requires $\mathrm{2}$ more electrons to attain the noble gas configuration.
Hence, option $\mathrm{B}$ is the correct answer.

The charged particles that attract each other to form electrovalent compounds are _________.

  1. Protons and neutrons

  2. Cation and anion

  3. Electrons

  4. none of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cation$\rightarrow $positively charged

Anion$\rightarrow $negatively charged
           Negative charges attract each other
Cation and onion are the charged particles that attract each other to form electrovalent compounds.

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