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Global pressure belts - class-IX

Description: global pressure belts
Number of Questions: 17
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Tags: social science air pressure insolation and atmospheric conditions weather and climate geography atmosphere pressure belts and winds in search of the source of wind
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Equatorial low pressure belt is also called __________________.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. horse latitude

  2. doldrums

  3. roaring forties

  4. subtropical belt

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Equatorial low-pressure belts lying between 10 degree north to 10 degree south latitudes, are called doldrums because of the extremely calm air movements.

Areas with low pressure have ________________.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. Bright weather

  2. Rain

  3. Dry weather

  4. Humidity

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Areas with low pressure do not have much of the wind, a characteristic of the Equatorial low-pressure belts and the circumpolar high-pressure belts. Hence, they have a dry weather. 

Trade wind are due to __________.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. conduction

  2. convection

  3. radiation

  4. scattering

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Trade winds are result of combination of both convection of air currents and rotation of earth.

Due to warmer air at equator the process of convection takes place where heat is transferred to the lower heat areas from higher heat areas.

Thus warmer winds are moved towards the each pole respectively from equator and due to rotation of earth these winds fall back to the equator.

These winds blow nearly constantly and always in the same direction. The trade winds have been used for many centuries to decrease the transit time of ships traveling around the world.

Daily weather changes in the atmosphere are associated with ______.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. troposphere

  2. mesosphere

  3. inosphere

  4. stratosphere

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The lowest layer of the earth that ranges up to 16 km thick is called troposphere. Most of the weather phenomenon takes place in this region. The troposphere is denser than the layers of the atmosphere above, as it contains up to 75% of the mass of the atmosphere.

Atmospheric pressure generated on the earth's surfaces is due to ________.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. gravitational force of earth

  2. Earth revolution

  3. Earth rotation

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Atmospheric pressure is the weight of atmosphere pushing down on itself.

Earth exerts gravitational force that tends to pull the gas molecules present in the atmosphere towards its center. This creates atmospheric pressure.

Atmospheric pressure is sometimes expressed in terms of the number of inches in a column of Mercury

Atmospheric pressure is measured with a barometer.

The velocity of winds is governed by ______________.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. temperature

  2. rotation of the Earth

  3. pressure gradient

  4. All the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Winds originate due to the pressure gradient i.e. winds travel from higher pressure region to the lower pressure region. The more the pressure gradient, the greater will be the wind speed and vice-versa. Hence option C is correct.
  • Rotation of the earth may affect wind direction eg Ferrel's law, but they do not govern the wind speed.

Which pressure belts are called the horse latitudes?

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. Equatorial Low Pressure Belt

  2. Sub-Tropical High Pressure Belt

  3. Sub-Polar Low Pressure Belt

  4. Polar High Pressure Belt

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Sub-Tropical high pressure belt,

The horse latitudes are located at about 30 degrees north and south of the equator. It is common in this region of the subtropics for winds to diverge and either flow toward the poles (known as the prevailing westerlies) or toward the equator (known as the trade winds). These diverging winds are the result of an area of high pressure, which is characterized by calm winds, sunny skies, and little or no precipitation.

According to legend, the term comes from ships sailing to the New World that would often become stalled for days or even weeks when they encountered areas of high pressure and calm winds. Many of these ships carried horses to the Americas as part of their cargo. Unable to sail and resupply due to lack of wind, crews often ran out of drinking water. To conserve scarce water, sailors on these ships would sometimes throw the horses they were transporting overboard. Thus, the phrase 'horse latitudes' was born.

Which pressure belt is also known as the 'doldrums'?

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. Equatorial low pressure belt

  2. Sub-Tropical high pressure belt

  3. Sub-Polar low pressure belt

  4. Polar high pressure belt

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Equatorial trough of low pressure is the zone of convergence of trade winds blowing equatorward from the sub-tropical belts of high pressure in the northern and southern hemisphere. Within this belt the winds are light and variable with frequent calms. That is why this belt is also known as doldrums.

The sub-polar high pressure belts lies around poles between 80 90 N and S latitudes.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

True,

Pressure Belts of Earth. On the earth's surface, there are seven pressure belts. They are the Equatorial Low, the two Subtropical highs, the two Subpolar lows, and the two Polar highs. Except the Equatorial low.

In the northern hemisphere, due to Ferrel's law the wind is deflected  ______.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. Towards its right

  2. Towards its left

  3. Towards its north

  4. Towards its south

Show answer
Correct Option: A

When the sun is overhead on the Tropic of Capricorn (22st December) the pressure belts shift _____________.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. $5^0N$

  2. $5^0S$

  3. $15^0N$

  4. $15^0S$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
$5^0S$
When the sun is overhead on the Tropic of Cancer (21 June) the pressure belts shift 5° northward and when it shines vertically overhead on Tropic of Capricorn (22 December), they shift 5° southward from their original position.

Because the axis of the Earth is tilted. If the Earth rotated upright the sun will always shine perpendicular to the Equator so the pressure belts would not move. But the Earth’s axis is slightly tilted. So in Summer, the northern hemisphere is pointed to the sun and in Winter southern hemisphere is pointing away from the sun. That is why days are longer in summer than in winter. The pressure belts move with the energy the sun provides. So if it is Summer in the Northern Hemisphere the pressure belts move towards the north. If it is Summer in the Southern Hemisphere, the pressure belts move further south.

What does the word doldrum means?

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. The zone of severe wind

  2. The zone of no wind

  3. The zone of torrential rain

  4. The zone of storms

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The trade winds blow equatorward from the sub-tropical belts of high pressure in the northern and southern hemispheres. Within this belt, the winds are light and variable with frequent calms. That is why this belt is called the doldrums. The word doldrum means the zone of no wind.

Subtropical high pressure belt lies close to the _______________.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. Equator

  2. Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn

  3. North pole

  4. South pole

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn
As it moves towards the mid-latitudes on both sides of the equator, the air cools and sinks. The resulting air mass subsidence creates a subtropical ridge of high pressure near the 30th parallel in both hemispheres.
The Tropic of Cancer is currently positioned at approximately 23.4 degrees north of the Equator. The Tropic of Capricorn is 23.4 degrees south of the Equator. The area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn is often called the Tropics.

Which of the following statement is true regarding Subtropical high pressure belt?

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. The warm air that ascends at the equator cools down and sinks here.

  2. The air from $60^0N-60^0S$ of the equator also descends here to create a high pressure region.

  3. The temperature in this latitude is low, so the expansion and ascent of air is minimal.

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Subtropical high-pressure belt,

Subtropical high-pressure belt is a high-pressure area that exists along 30° N and 30° S.
The sun is the ultimate source of energy that drives the earth’s weather. Most of the energy reaches the equatorial regions and the least energy reaches the poles, causing the tropics to warm and the poles to cool.
The earth’s atmosphere redistributes this heat imbalance through a complex set of atmospheric circulation patterns. The warm air at the low latitudes rises and moves toward the poles. The rising air, and the subsequent clouds and precipitation, cause the tropics to be very wet. In other words – as we go away from the equator towards the poles, temperature drops.

The warm air at the equatorial region rises up to a height of 10 to 15 km above the surface and moves towards the poles. On its way, it comes down or sinks at the subtropical region. This pattern of atmospheric circulation from the equator to the subtropical region is called Hadley Cell. It is named after George Hadley who was a famous meteorologist and he proposed this mechanism.

As the air moves towards the subtropics i.e. 30° N and 30° S, the air descends over the oceans and creates a high-pressure zone. In the Northern Hemisphere, these high-pressure systems are located over the North Pacific and North Atlantic oceans.

The famous Bermuda Triangle is also located at the North Atlantic Ocean and that’s a high-pressure zone. So, if anyone asks you the secret of the Bermuda triangle, this is the possible logical reason.

The air that moves from the equator towards subtropical region, that air is warm. And then you also have to understand, that there is cold air that is flowing towards the low latitudes from the poles. You see atmospheric circulation redistributes the heat on earth and that means cold and warm air keeps moving from one place to another.

When the sun is overhead on the Tropic of Cancer (21st June) the pressure belts shift ____________.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. $5^0N$

  2. $10^0N$

  3. $5^0S$

  4. $10^0S$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
$5^0N$
When the sun is overhead on the Tropic of Cancer (21 June) the pressure belts shift 5° northward and when it shines vertically overhead on Tropic of Capricorn (22 December), they shift 5° southward from their original position.

Because the axis of the Earth is tilted. If the Earth rotated upright the sun will always shine perpendicular to the Equator so the pressure belts would not move. But the Earth’s axis is slightly tilted. So in Summer, the northern hemisphere is pointed to the sun and in Winter southern hemisphere is pointing away from the sun. That is why days are longer in summer than in winter. The pressure belts move with the energy the sun provides. So if it is Summer in the Northern Hemisphere the pressure belts move towards the north. If it is Summer in the Southern Hemisphere, the pressure belts move further south.

Consider the following statements.
1. The sub tropical high-pressure belts exists at 30 degree north latitude and 30 degree south latitude.
2. The polar high-pressure belt experiences severe cold throughout the year. As a result, the air remains chilled under the extreme cold that prevails over the poles.
Choose the wrong statement using the codes below.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. only 1

  2. only 2

  3. both 1 and 2

  4. neither 1 nor 2

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 The sub tropical high pressure belts exists at 30 degree north latitude and 30 degree south latitude.The polar high pressure belt experiences severe cold throughout the year. As a result,the air remains chilled under the extreme cold that prevails over the poles.

The air is colder at this zone. Though the cold air remains close to the earth, the air is thrown up due to the rotation of the earth.As a result,low pressure is experienced all along this zone.
The zone here refers to _________________.

geography in search of the source of wind global pressure belts pressure belts atmospheric conditions

  1. Equatorial low pressure belt.

  2. Sub tropical low pressure belt.

  3. Sub Polar low pressure belt.

  4. Polar low pressure belt.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
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