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Metallic bonding - class-XI

Description: metallic bonding
Number of Questions: 17
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Tags: chemical bonding and structure chemistry chemical bonding and molecular structure
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Metallic bond is formed by sharing of electrons between ______.

  1. Two atoms

  2. Many atoms

  3. Three atoms

  4. Four atoms


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Metallic bond is formed by sharing of electrons between many atoms A metallic bond is pretty different from covalent and ionic bonds, but the goal is the same: to achieve a lower energy state. Instead of a bond between just two atoms, a metallic bond is a sharing of electrons between many atoms of a metal element. Hence option B is correct.

Iron is tougher than sodium because :

  1. iron atom is smaller

  2. iron atoms are more closely packed

  3. metallic bonds are stronger in iron

  4. none of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Iron is tougher than sodium because metallic bonds are stronger in iron.
Stronger is metallic bonding (FeFe has dd -subshell), more is hardness.

Hence, it is hard than Sodium like other alkali metals are soft.

So, the correct option is $C$

A solid which is transparent to visible light and whose electrical conductivity decreases with increase in temperature is formed by:

  1. Ionic bonding

  2. Metallic bonding

  3. Covalent bonding

  4. Van der Waals bonding


Correct Option: C

A metallic bond differs form a covalent bond in that:

  1. it is not directional

  2. it is not saturable

  3. the valence electrons are not attached to any particular atom

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Metallic bond is the force of attraction between many valence electrons and positive ions such that a single electron is attracted by many positive ions (also known as kernel). Hence it is non-directional and non-saturable.


Whereas covalent bond is formed by sharing of valence electrons between two particular atoms which makes it directional as well as saturable.

The type of bond between atoms of calcium in a crystal of calcium is:

  1. Hydrogen bond

  2. Ionic bond

  3. Polar covalent bond

  4. Pure covalent bond

  5. Metallic bond


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

The type of bond between atoms of calcium in a crystal of calcium is Metallic bond.
Metallic solids are the crystalline solids formed by atoms of the same metallic element. The bonding electrons are delocalised over entire crystal lattice and can move freely from one end to other. These bonding electrons forms sea of electrons whereas metal ions form a kernel. Metallic bond is the electrostatic attractive force between positively charged metallic ions and negatively charged delocalised electrons.

Metallic bonding is explained by:

  1. electron sea model

  2. band model

  3. both A and B

  4. none of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In contrast to electrons that participate in both ionic and covalent bonds, electrons that participate in metallic bonds delocalize, forming a sea of electrons around the positive nuclei of metals. The availability of "free" electrons contributes to metals being excellent conductors.

Which of the following bonds produces a solid that reflects light in the visible region and whose electrical conductivity decreases with temperature and has high melting point?

  1. Metallic bonding

  2. Ionic bonding

  3. Covalent bonding

  4. Van der Waals bonding


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Metals (metallic bonds) have these physical properties- 


1) Metals reflect the photons of the visible spectrum (light) falling on their surface, thus metals are often silver-white or greyish with the characteristic specular reflection of metallic lustre.

2) The electrical conductivity of metals decreases with a rise in temperature.
3) Metals have a high melting point.

A  4 : 1 mixture of helium and methane is contained in vessel at 10 bar pressure. Due to a hole in the vessel, the gas mixture leaks out. The composition of mixture effusing out initially is

  1. 8:1

  2. 8:5

  3. 1:8

  4. 5:8


Correct Option: A

Which of the following properties are because of presence of metallic bonding in metal atoms :

  1. Electrical conductivity

  2. Malleability

  3. Ductility

  4. All of the above 


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Many of the characteristic properties of metals are attributable to the non-localized or free-electron character of the valence electrons. This condition, for example, is responsible for the high electrical conductivity of metals. The valence electrons are always free to move when an electrical field is applied. The presence of the mobile valence electrons, as well as the nondirectionality of the binding force between metal ions, account for the malleability and ductility of most metals. When a metal is shaped or drawn, it does not fracture, because the ions in its crystal structure are quite easily displaced with respect to one another. Moreover, the nonlocalized valence electrons act as a buffer between the ions of like charge and thereby prevent them from coming together and generating strong repulsive forces that can cause the crystal to fracture.
Hence option D is correct.

Metals lose electrons from their lattice to become :

  1. alkalis

  2. positive ions

  3. non-metals

  4. negative ions


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A cation is formed when a metal ion loses a valence electron so as to achieve a more stable electronic configuration through this loss of an electron.

Electron pool theory of metals can not explain which of the following characteristics of metals?

  1. Hardness

  2. Malleability

  3. Electrical conductivity

  4. Sonorousness


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Electron Pool Theory. 

This theory states that each atom present in a metallic crystal loses all of its valence electrons. As a result, a "pool" of electrons is formed. It is believed that positively charged metal ions are held together by this "pool" of electrons.
It explains metallic luster, electricity conductivity, thermal conductivity, malleability and ductility.

It cannot explain hardness of the metal.

Metallic solids are solids made entirely of :

  1. one metallic element

  2. multiple metallic elements

  3. ionic bonds

  4. covalent bonds


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Metallic bonding arises from the electrostatic attractive force between conduction electrons (in the form of an electron cloud of delocalized electrons) and positively charged metal ions. It may be described as the sharing of free electrons among a lattice of positively charged ions (cations). 

In metal solids, the _____________ electrons form a shared electron cloud.

  1. middle

  2. valence

  3. inner

  4. none of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Metallic bonding may be described as the sharing of free electrons among a lattice of positively charged metal ions. The structure of metallic bonds is very different from that of covalent and ionic bonds. While ionic bonds join metals to nonmetals, and covalent bonds join nonmetals to nonmetals, metallic bonds are responsible for the bonding between metal atoms. In metallic bonds, the valence electrons from the s and p orbitals of the interacting metal atoms delocalize. That is to say, instead of orbiting their respective metal atoms, they form a sea of electrons that surrounds the positively charged atomic nuclei of the interacting metal ions. The electrons then move freely throughout the space between the atomic nuclei.

Metallic bond is non directional.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In a metallic bond, electrons are shared with more than one atoms. Due to this, the valance electrons are spread all over the crystal. Hence, metallic bonds are non-directional.

Attractive forces between metal ions and delocalized electrons can be weaken or overcome by :

  1. water

  2. pressure

  3. high temperature

  4. all of  the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Metallic bonding is the strong attraction between closely packed positive metal ions and a 'sea' of delocalised electrons. So,high energy is required to overcome this bond, hence high temperature can be used to weaken or overcome these attractive forces.

What is the electron sea model?

  1. The model of metallic bonding where electrons float free in a sea of electrons around metal atoms.

  2. Where electrons float free in a sea of salt water.

  3. The model of metallic bonding where electrons are fixed in place in a sea of metal atoms.

  4. A model depicting the different bonds that electrons can make.

  5. The model of metallic bonding where protons float free in a sea of electrons around metal atoms.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

(A) : The model of metallic bonding where electrons float free in a sea of electrons around metal atoms.
This model proposes that all the metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their valence electrons to form a "sea" of electron. The electrons present in the outer energy levels of the bonding metallic atoms are not held by any specific and can move easily from one atom to the next.

In metallic bonding the electricity conduction is due to the presence of :

  1. lattice

  2. nucleus

  3. protons

  4. delocalized electrons


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The electrons can move freely within molecular orbitals, and so each electron becomes detached from its parent atom. The electrons are said to be delocalised. The metal is held together by the strong forces of attraction between the positive nuclei and the delocalised electrons.This is sometimes described as "an array of positive ions in a sea of electrons".

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