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Treasures from the earth - class-X

Description: Treasures from the earth
Number of Questions: 17
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Tags: what if it finishes? energy management how to save fuel physics evs
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Kerosene has a lower ignition temperature than diesel.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A fuel with lowest ignition temperature means, it catches fire easily and is called highly inflammable. Kerosene has lower ignition temperature than diesel. This means kerosene will start to catch fire faster than diesel.

The characteristics of a good fuel are:

  1. it should release more energy

  2. it should be safe

  3. it should be easily transportable

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The characteristics of a good fuel are near to the characteristics of an ideal fuel, as there can not exist an ideal fuel in nature.
It should release more energy,  it should be safe,  it should be easily transported, readily available,  should not cause pollution on combustion etc.

The full form of C.N.G is:

  1. Compound Natural Gas

  2. Complex Natural Gas

  3. Compound New Gas

  4. Compressed Natural Gas


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

CNG is made by compressing natural gas (which is mainly composed of methane, CH4), to less than 1 percent of the volume, it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure. It is stored and distributed in hard containers at a pressure of 2025 MPa (2,9003,600 psi), usually in cylindrical or spherical shapes. Thus it is also called Compressed natural gas (CNG) (Methane stored at high pressure).

What does CNG stand for?

  1. Clean natural gas

  2. Compressed natural gas

  3. Cheaper natural gas

  4. Compressed natural gasoline


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

CNG is Compressed Natural Gas.

Spark plugs are not necessary in a diesel engine because 

  1. compression of the gases heat them above the ignition temperature of the fuel

  2. diesel is more volatile than petrol

  3. there is deposition of carbon in the spark plug which is difficult to remove

  4. diesel is easily ignited


Correct Option: C

Which one of the following is fuel of our body?

  1. Petrol

  2. Diesel

  3. Food

  4. Water


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Our body runs on the fuel it gets from what we eat food.

What is the full form of PNG?

  1. Petrol Natural Gas

  2. Piped Natural Gas

  3. Pressurise Natural Gas

  4. Pure Natural Gas


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Piped Natural Gas is abbreviated as PNG. Piped Natural gas (PNG) is used for domestic, commercial and industrial consumption. PNG has several distinctions to its credit of being a pollution free fuel, economical and safer fuel.

In which form, the energy is stored in a fuel?

  1. Potential energy

  2. Thermal energy

  3. Kinetic energy

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fuels store the energy in form of potential energy and it can be released to do work.

The most common sources of energy are:

  1. wood and coal

  2. petroleum and coal

  3. LPG and cow dung

  4. natural gas and wood


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Fossil energy like coal, lignite, petroleum and natural gas are most common sources of energy. These sources of energy are used to produce electricity, cook food, heat thermal engines etc. 

Cleaner fuel among the following is:

  1. petrol

  2. kerosene

  3. diesel

  4. compressed natural gas


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Compressed natural gas is a cleaner fuel because it causes less pollution by emitting lesser pollutants like carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, carbon monoxides, unburnt hydrocarbons etc.

Secondary fuel among the following is:

  1. methanol

  2. water gas

  3. LPG

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The artificial fuel which is made of chemical conversions or the fuel which we get by processing the primary fuel is called secondary fuel. Methane, water gas and LPG are secondary fuel.

Nuclear fuel among the following is:

  1. uranium

  2. plutonium

  3. both A & B

  4. carbon


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Nuclear fuel is the one which store their energy in the form of nuclear energy and whose nuclei are unstable and undergoes fission.Uranium and plutonium are examples of nuclear fuel.

CNG is more polluting fuel than petrol and diesel.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Compressed natural gas (CNG) is less polluting fuel than petrol and diesel.

Paraffin wax is a solid product obtained from petroleum. Some of its uses are mentioned here. Mark the wrong one?

  1. In greases for axles of motor vehicles

  2. As a coating on paper

  3. In the making of candles

  4. As a stiffening agent in cosmetic creams


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fractional distillation of petroleum yields paraffin wax which is generally used to treat conditions like arthritis and fibromyalgia, as a coating on paper, in making candles; as a stiffening agent. 

It is not used as grease.

Compared to oil, an advantage of using natural gas is that it:

  1. prevents respiratory problems

  2. prevents headaches

  3. causes less air pollution

  4. prevents over combustion


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Natural gas tops other fossil fuels when it comes to clean burning. Since the process of natural gas combustion is almost up to the mark, the level of byproducts disseminated to the environmental is little. In addition, advances in technologies have massively reduced nitrogen oxide, a common pollutant emitted by natural gas. The blue flame witnessed during the process of burning natural gas is an indication that the gas is burning perfectly.

The engines of the rocket that helped the Apollo $11$ spacecraft to land on the moon, used for rocket fuel power.

  1. Hydrazine

  2. Hydrogen

  3. Oxygen

  4. Propane


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
 Hydrazine, $\left( {N} _{2}{H} _{4} \right)$
Substance used for launching rocket are called rocket propellant. 
A propellant have two part-
  1. fuel
  2. oxidiser
Liquid propellant: fuel and oxidiser both are liquid.
  • fuel (kerosene, ${N} _{2}{H} _{4}$, liquid ${H} _{2}$)
  • oxidiser($liq.{O} _{2}, \; {N} _{2}{O} _{4}$)

Hydrogen gas is obtained from:

  1. petroleum

  2. coal

  3. coke

  4. natural gas


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Fossil fuels are the dominant source of industrial hydrogen. Carbon dioxide can be separated from natural gas with a 60-70% efficiency for hydrogen production and from other hydrocarbons to varying degrees of efficiency.Specifically, bulk hydrogen is usually produced by the steam reforming of methane or natural gas.

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