Plasmid is boon to biotechnology. By the used of plasmids of E. coli, it is possible to produce insulin polypeptide chains separately. This has enable the artificial production of mature human insulin commercially. In this, genome corresponding to the polypeptide chain A and B of insulin are synthesized in vitro. These are then introduced into plasmid of E.coli. Under selected medium, the polypeptides A and B are expressed highly. These are extracted and combined by creating disulphide bridge to form artificial human insulin.

Answer is option C i.e. "Genetically engineered insulin will not elicit immune response in human body"

The first protein to be sequenced was insulin, by Frederick Sanger, in 1949. 

A transgenic microorganism is a microbe, usually a bacterium, into which genetic information has been introduced from the outside and which possesses the ability to pass that information on to subsequent generations. In this process by which, scientists introduce new genetic material into a microorganism is called as molecular or gene cloning. It involves the isolation of DNA from a source other than the microorganism itself. The human insulin is produced by genetically engineered Escherichia coli.

In order for a human gene to be expressed in bacteria, it must have one important modification. Specifically, it must lack introns. Introns are intervening sequences found in many human genes, and they are removed from eukaryotic RNA transcripts by splicing to make a mature mRNA. Bacteria lack enzymes for splicing. This problem is tackled by using the following approaches:- 

The given sentences can be arranged in a systemic order of i, iv, v, ii, vi, iii.

Genetically modified or Genetically engineered bacteria were the first organisms to be modified in the laboratory, due to their simple genetics. These organisms are now used for several purposes and are particularly important in producing large amounts of pure human proteins for use in medicine. Insulin is normally produced by it.

Both C-Peptide and mature insulin are biologically active. Cell components and proteins in this image are not to scale. Proinsulin is the prohormone precursor to insulin made in the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans, specialized regions of the pancreas. In humans, proinsulin is encoded by the INS gene.

The first licensed drug generated using recombinant DNA technology was human insulin, developed by Genentech and Licensed by Elli Lilly and company.