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Biotechnology for improved food quality - class-X

Description: biotechnology for improved food quality
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: biology strategies for enhancement in food production botany plant breeding breeding and biotechnology
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A wheat variety, Atlas 66, which has been used as a donor for improving cultivated wheat is rich in ___________.

  1. Iron

  2. Carbohydrates

  3. Proteins

  4. Vitamins


Correct Option: C

Shakti, Rattan and Protina (varieties of maize) are rich in ____________.

  1. Lysine

  2. Glycine

  3. Fats

  4. Carbohydrates


Correct Option: A

Biofortification refers to the development of crop plants which are ______________.

  1. Resistant to disease

  2. Resistant to insect pests

  3. Having improved nutritional quality

  4. Having improved iron content


Correct Option: C

Select the correct statement regarding an improved variety of transgenic basmati rice. i.e. golden rice.

  1. It does not require the use of chemical fertilisers

  2. It is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases

  3. It gives high yields but not characteristic aroma

  4. It gives high yields and rich in vitamin A


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Rice is a staple food in many countries, particularly in Asia, but does not contain vitamin A or its immediate precursors. By inserting two genes from Daffodil and one gene from a bacterial species into rice plants, Swiss researchers have produce rice capable of synthesizing β-carotene, the precursor of vitamin A. Vitamin A is required by all individuals as it is present in retina of eyes. Deficiency of vitamin A causes night blindness and skin disorders. This rice is called 'Golden rice' because of the yellow colour of rice grains due to the presence of β-carotene.

So, the correct answer is 'It gives high yields and rich in vitamin A'.

The scientific process by which crop plants are enriched with certain desirable nutrient is called

  1. Crop protection

  2. Breeding

  3. Bio-fortification

  4. Bio-remediation


Correct Option: C

Which of the following nutritional quality can be improved by biofortification?

  1. Protein quality

  2. Oil content quality

  3. Vitamin content

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Biofortification is the method in which the food is added or supplemented with the required nutrients. It is a process of breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins, minerals, proteins, and fat content. The new varieties of legume plants can be developed through hybridization to produce more amount of proteins in the seeds. The plants whose seeds are used for the extraction of oil can be fortified to produce more oil. The staple crops like rice can be fortified to produce beta-carotene which is the precursor form of vitamin A. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Beta-carotene can be induced in the golden rice by a process known as

  1. Biological nitrogen fixation

  2. Biofortification

  3. Bioremediation

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Biofortification is the method in which the food is added or supplemented with the required nutrients. The staple crop like rice is fortified to produce the precursor of vitamin A. Golden rice is the transgenic rice in which beta-carotene synthesizing gene psy and crtl are incorporated by the help of genetic engineering. Beta-carotene is the precursor of the vitamin A. The consumption of the golden rice can help to prevent the deficiency disorders due to less intake of vitamin A. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Breeding crops for improved nutritional quality is referred to as

  1. Biome

  2. Biomagnification

  3. Biomining

  4. Biofortification

  5. Bioremediation


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Bio fortification is the process of enriching the nutrient content and the quantity and quality of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrate proteins and fats in crops. Eg.- vitamin A enriched rice, golden rice, etc. 

Which of the following technique can fill the deficiency of micronutrients?

  1. Biological nitrogen fixation

  2. Biofortification

  3. Bioremediation

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Biofortification is the method in which the food is added or supplemented with the required nutrients. It is a process of breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins, minerals, proteins, and fat content. The micronutrients are not present in every type of food and results in the deficiency diseases. The plants can be developed to produce the micronutrients through hybridization or selective breeding. These foods can be helpful to prevent deficiency disorders. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Bread fortified with folate can help in 

  1. Bone development

  2. Neurological development

  3. Fetal development

  4. Both B and C


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Biofortification is the method in which the food is added or supplemented with the required nutrients. It is a process of breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins, minerals, proteins, and fat content. The folate is responsible for the spinal cord development and development of the brain. An adequate amount of folate taken by the pregnant women prevents the chances of neural tube defects in the foetus. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Which of the following plant produces beta-carotene naturally?

  1. Rice

  2. Tobacco

  3. Potato

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Biofortification is the method in which the food is added or supplemented with the required nutrients. The staple crop like rice is fortified to produce the precursor of vitamin A. Golden rice is the transgenic rice in which beta-carotene synthesizing gene psy and crtl are incorporated by the help of genetic engineering. Beta-carotene is the precursor of the vitamin A. The consumption of the golden rice can help to prevent the deficiency disorders due to less intake of vitamin A. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Which of the following agronomic trait can be fortified in beans?

  1. Virus resistance

  2. Heat tolerance

  3. Drought tolerance

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Biofortification is the method in which the food is added or supplemented with the required nutrients. It is a process of breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins, minerals, proteins, and fat content. The beans are fortified with iron, proteins and other nutrients. In order to obtain more yield, breeding of the plant is performed to obtain the resistant variety of plants. Resistance to virus, heat and drought tolerance are some of the characteristics which are selected for breeding.

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Zinc, iron and vitamin A deficiency can be sorted out by 

  1. Biofortification

  2. Bioremediation

  3. Biofertilizers

  4. Bioaugmentation


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Biofortification is the method in which the food is added or supplemented with the required nutrients. This process can be used for the production of the staple crops with higher levels of essential nutrients. The staple crops like wheat are fortified with zinc and the golden rice, rice is fortified to produce beta-carotene. Rice and sweet potato can be fortified with iron. The rural areas generally feed on the staple crops and suffer from nutrient deficiency. The consumption of this fortified crops will prevent the deficiency disorders and improve the health of the people in the rural areas. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Orange super bananas is a common food produced by biofortification are common in areas where 

  1. Banana is a staple food

  2. Vitamin A deficiency prevails

  3. Vitamin D deficiency prevails

  4. Both A and B


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Biofortification is the method in which the food is added or supplemented with the required nutrients. The bananas are generally consumed by all the people. The regions where banana are used as staple food, the banana can be fortified with essential nutrients like beta-carotene production which is the precursor of vitamin A. Due to the presence of carotene, the colour of the banana is orange, and so called as the orange super bananas. The consumption of this banana can help to prevent the deficiency disorders due to less intake of vitamin A. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Breeding of crops with high levels of minerals, vitamins and proteins is called

  1. Micropropagation

  2. Somatic hybridisation

  3. Biofortification

  4. Biomagnification


Correct Option: C
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