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Lipids (GATE - XL)

Description: LIPIDS, GATE - Life Science
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: Lipids GATE - Life Science Food Technology Food Chemistry and Nutrition GATE - XL
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Which of the following is a wax-like organic substance formed by the anaerobic bacterial hydrolysis of fat in tissue?

  1. Adipocere

  2. Shell lipid

  3. Archaeol

  4. Caldarchaeol

  5. Ceramide

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This option is correct. Adipocere is a wax-like organic substance that is formed by the anaerobic bacterial hydrolysis of fat in tissue.

Which of the following lipids induces mechanical hypersensitivity when injected into rats?

  1. Lipid A

  2. Lactosylceramide

  3. Isopropyl palmitate

  4. Ether lipid

  5. N,N-Dimethylsphingosine

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This option is correct. N,N-Dimethylsphingosine induces mechanical hypersensitivity when injected into rats.

Which of the following statements is/are false about 2-arachidonyl glyceryl ether?

P. It is a reputed endocannabinoid that was discovered by Lumír Hanus. Q. The production of this endocannabinoid is enhanced in normal rat aorta on reacting with carbachol. R. It potently enhances the blood pressure in rats and represents an endothelium-derived hypotension factor.

  1. Only P

  2. Only Q

  3. Only R

  4. Only P and Q

  5. Only Q and R

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

It potently reduces blood pressure in rats and represents an endothelium-derived hypotension factor.

Which of the following pairs is/are incorrectly matched?

  1. Sphingomyelin - helps in cellular growth and detection of unhealthy cells
  2. Phosphatidylethanolamine - comprises the backbone of cell membranes and contributes to the fluidity and structural environment of the cell
  3. Phosphatidylserine - positive effect on memory and helps maintain cholesterol level

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. Only 1 and 2

  5. Only 2 and 3

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This option is correct. Phosphatidylserine stimulates the production of a brain messenger chemical that helps regulate memory by increasing the availability of glucose in the brain.

Match the following:

 
Column - I Column - II
P. Anandamide 1. Amide of hexadecanoic acid
Q. N-Palmitoylethanolamine 2. Amide of polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid
R. N-Docosahexaenoylethanolamine 3. Amide of octadecanoic acid
S. N-Stearoylethanolamine 4. Amide of cervonic acid

  1. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 3, S - 4

  2. P - 2, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 3

  3. P - 3, Q - 2, R - 1, S - 4

  4. P - 4, Q - 3, R - 2, S - 1

  5. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 4, S - 3

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This option is correct because all the fatty acid amides are correctly matched their compositions.

Which of the following amino lipids occurs naturally in the body of animals that accumulates in the cerebrospinal fluid during sleep deprivation and induces sleep in animals?

  1. 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycerophosphoethanolamine

  2. Oleamide

  3. Palmitoylcarnitine

  4. N-Acylethanolamine

  5. Arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This option is correct. Oleamide occurs naturally in the body of animals that accumulates in the cerebrospinal fluid during sleep deprivation and induces sleep in animals.

Match the following:

 
List I List II
(i) Linoleic acid a. Saturated fatty acid containing cyclopentane ring
(ii) Palmitoleic acid b. Saturated fat
(iii) Lauric acid c. Monounsaturated fat
(iv) Prostanoic acid d. Polyunsaturated fat

  1. (i) - d, (ii) - c, (iii) - b, (iv) - a

  2. (i) - a, (ii) - c, (iii) - b, (iv) - d

  3. (i) - c, (ii) - d, (iii) - b, (iv) - a

  4. (i) - d, (ii) - b, (iii) - c, (iv) - a

  5. (i) - b, (ii) - d, (iii) - a, (iv) - c

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This option is correct because all lipids are correctly matched with their types.

 

Which of the following statements is/are correct about sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol?

  1. It is a phosphorus-free lipid that is found in many photosynthetic organisms.
  2. It is synthesised from UDP-sulfoquinovose and triacylglycerol.
  3. It degrades during chlorine starvation in some species, such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. Only 1 and 2

  5. Only 2 and 3

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This option is correct. Sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol is a phosphorus-free lipid that is found in many photosynthetic organisms.

Assertion (A): Palmitoylethanolamide cannot strictly be considered as a classic endocannabinoid. Reason (R): It lacks affinity for the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2.

  1. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

  2. A and R both are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.

  3. A is correct and R is incorrect.

  4. A is incorrect and R is correct.

  5. A and R both are incorrect.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Palmitoylethanolamide cannot strictly be considered as a classic endocannabinoid because it lacks affinity for the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2. Thus, this option is correct.

Which of the following lipids contain(s) a backbone of aliphatic amino alcohols?

  1. Monolaurin

  2. Ceramide

  3. Mortuary wax

  4. N-Acyl amides

  5. Glycosylceramides

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This option is correct. Glycosylceramides are a class of lipids containing a backbone of sphingoid bases, a set of aliphatic amino alcohols that include sphingosine.

Which of the following lipids is/are used in the investigational treatment of asymptomatic patients with adrenoleukodystrophy?

  1. Lorenzo's oil

  2. Ethylhexyl palmitate

  3. Oxylipins

  4. Monoacylglycerols

  5. Chlorosulpholipids

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This option is correct. Lorenzo's oil is used in the investigational treatment of asymptomatic patients with adrenoleukodystrophy.

Assertion (A): Saturated fats are useful to manufacturers of food preservatives. Reason (R): Various fats contain different proportions of saturated and unsaturated fat.

  1. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

  2. A and R both are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.

  3. A is correct and R is incorrect.

  4. A is incorrect and R is correct.

  5. A and R both are incorrect.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Correct Answer: A and R both are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.

Which of the following statements regarding sphingosine-1-phosphate is false?

  1. Sphingosine-1-phosphate is a signaling sphingolipid.

  2. Sphingosine is released from ceramides, a process catalysed by the enzyme ceramidase.

  3. Sphingosine-1-phosphate is a blood borne lipid mediator.

  4. The levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate are 5 to 10 times up-regulated in ovarian cancer patients' ascites.

  5. Administration of sphingosine-1-phosphate protects oocytes from chemotherapeutic agents in vitro only.

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This option is correct. Administration of sphingosine-1-phosphate protects oocytes from chemotherapeutic agents in vitro as well as in vivo.

Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?

  1. Siponimod - investigational drug for multiple sclerosis

  2. Resolvin - lipid which possesses a sulphur-containing functional group

  3. Galactolipid - type of glycolipid whose sugar group is galactose

  4. Phospholipid - consists of two hydrophobic fatty acids and a hydrophilic phosphate

  5. Saccharolipid - fatty acid linked directly to a sugar backbone

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This option is correct. Resolvin is a metabolite of the polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids, whereas saulpholipid is a lipid which possesses a sulphur-containing functional group.

Which of the following is an amphipathic peptidoglycan precursor molecule that is involved in the synthesis of cell wall of bacteria?

  1. Lipid II

  2. Lipoprotein-X

  3. Lipid raft

  4. Lipid A

  5. Lipidome

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This option is correct. Lipid II is an amphipathic peptidoglycan precursor molecule that is involved in the synthesis of cell wall of bacteria.

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