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Nutrition - 3 (External Glands)

Description: Liver Pancreas Salivary gland Medical Entrance
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: Liver Pancreas Salivary gland Medical Entrance
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Which of the following are external glands?

  1. Brunner's glands

  2. Crypts of Lieberkuhn

  3. Parotid salivary glands

  4. Gastric glands


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Parotid salivary glands are present below and front of each ear and secrete their secretion via ducts in buccal cavity, i.e. they are exocrine glands. As they are outside buccal cavity, thus they are called external glands.

What are the main functions of saliva?

  1. Lubrication and moistening

  2. Digestion and dissolution of soluble substances

  3. Emulsification and chewing

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Saliva have all of the above functions, i.e. emulsification, moistening, lubrication, digestion and dissolution of food and substances.

What is mumps?

  1. Infection and inflammation of paratoid gland

  2. Infection and inflammation of submaxillary gland

  3. Infection and inflammation of sublingual gland

  4. Inflammation of thyroid gland


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Mumps is infection and inflammation of parotid gland by paramyxovirus.

Which of the following processes is/are carried out by liver?

  1. Glycogenesis

  2. Glycogenolysis

  3. Gluconeogenesis

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Glycogenesis, glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. All three metabolic functions are carried out by liver to maintain sugar level of the body.

What is the accumulation of bilirubin due to water-borne infection called?

  1. Liver cirrhosis

  2. Hepatitis B

  3. Jaundice

  4. Hepatitis C


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Jaundice, caused by Hepatitis A virus, is a water-borne disease and spreads mainly via sewage and contaminated food and water. Accumulation of bilirubin or its conjugates in body tissues causes jaundice. Hence, it is correct.

Where are islets of Langerhans found?

  1. Liver

  2. Gall bladder

  3. Pancreas

  4. Spleen


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The endocrine part of pancreas is in the form of patches of cells called islets of Langerhans.

Which of the following nutrients are digested by bile?

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Proteins

  3. Fats

  4. Vitamins


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The bile emulsifies fats in partly digested food, thereby assisting their absorption.

Which pancreatic secretion converts glycogen of the liver cells into glucose?

  1. Insulin

  2. Glucagon

  3. Trypsinogen

  4. Steapsin


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Glucagon converts stored glycogen of the liver cells into glucose that raises the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream when required by the body.

Which is the largest gland present in the human body?

  1. Salivary gland

  2. Brunner's gland

  3. Pancreas

  4. Liver


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

It is approximately 21-22.5 cm across its widest point, 15-17.5 cm at its greatest vertical height, and 10-12.5 cm from front to back. It is the largest gland present in the body.

Which of the following enzymes is present in saliva?

  1. Trypsin

  2. Pepsin

  3. Ptyalin

  4. Insulin


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

It is found in saliva and is known as salivary amylase.

What are the phagocytic cells present in liver sinusoid called?

  1. Microglial cells

  2. Kupffer cells

  3. Alveolar macrophages

  4. Langerhans cells


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

These amoeboid cells are found in the liver sinusoid and help to remove the toxic material from blood.

What is the main function of gall bladder?

  1. Production of bile

  2. Storage of bile

  3. Removal of toxic material

  4. Storage of glycogen and fat droplets


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The main purpose of gall bladder is to store bile. At any time, 30-60 cu. mm bile is stored within the gall bladder. #

Which of the following is the layer of connective tissues that separate the lobes of liver?

  1. Bowman's capsule

  2. Glisson's capsule

  3. Liver sinusoid

  4. Joint capsule


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Glisson's capsule is the layer of connective tissues that separates the lobes of liver. #

The membrane that covers the liver is

  1. pericardium

  2. pleural membrane

  3. peritoneal membrane

  4. meninx


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Liver is covered by peritoneal membrane, which keeps it in position.

Which of the following glands is known as mixed gland?

  1. Liver

  2. Pancreas

  3. Salivary gland

  4. Thyroid gland


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Yes, it is correct as pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine parts. Lobules form the exocrine part and islets of Langerhans form the endocrine part.

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