• Morphology of Flowering Plants
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Morphology of Flowering Plants

Description: This test will help the students to revise the anatomy as well as the physiology of the plants as it contains wide range of questions form both the topics.
Number of Questions: 25
Created by:
Tags: Double fertilization Formation of Embryo and Endosperm Post-fertilisation Changes Inflorescence Inflorescence and Its Types Fruit
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Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the process of double fertilisation in angiosperms?

  1. Double fertilisation is a complex fertilisation mechanism.

  2. One sperm fertilises the egg cell and the other sperm combines with single polar nucleus of the megagametophyte.

  3. The large cell of the gametophyte develops into the endosperm.

  4. The ovary develops into the fruit.

  5. The maternal contribution to the genetic constitution of the triploid endosperm is double that of the embryo.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

One sperm fertilises the egg cell and the other sperm combines with the two polar nuclei of the large central cell of the megagametophyte.

Mulberry leaves are the sole food source of the silkworms. The inflorescence present in mulberry is

  1. simple umbel

  2. compound umbel

  3. corymb

  4. spadix

  5. catkin

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Catkin is a type of spike inflorescence with a pendulous peduncle.

Aestivation is defined as the positional arrangement of the parts of a flower within a flower bud before it has opened. Which aestivation is observed in hibiscus?

  1. Contorted

  2. Imbricate

  3. Open

  4. Induplicate

  5. Valvate

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In this arrangement, every petal or sepal is outside its neighbour on one margin and inside its neighbour on the other margin.

Which of the following statements does not characterise the alternation of generations in plants?

  1. Two single-celled haploid gametes fuse to form a single-celled diploid zygote.

  2. Zygote divides by mitosis and forms sporophyte.

  3. The sporophyte produces one or more sporangia.

  4. The single-celled haploid spore divides by meiosis and forms gametophyte.

  5. The gametophyte produces one or more gametangia.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The single-celled haploid spore germinates, dividing by the normal process (mitosis), which maintains the number of chromosomes at n.

Which of the following fruits originates from a single carpel?

  1. Drupe

  2. Achene

  3. Follicle

  4. Samara

  5. Pome

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A follicle is a dry unilocular fruit formed from one carpel.

Which of the following sclereids is found in the epidermal covering of legume seeds?

  1. Brachysclereids

  2. Macrosclereids

  3. Astrosclereids

  4. Osteosclereids

  5. Filiform Sclereids

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

These are elongated and columnar or rod-like.

Which of the following types of fruits is observed in Poaceae?

  1. Loment

  2. Legume

  3. Caryopsis

  4. Capsule

  5. Hesperidium

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A caryopsis is a type of simple dry fruit.

A horticulturist noticed purple appearance on the stems, petioles and underside of the leaves of a few plants in his garden. Those plants must be deficient in

  1. manganese

  2. boron

  3. iron

  4. potassium

  5. nitrogen

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Nitrogen deficient plants will also exhibit a purple appearance on the stems, petioles and underside of leaves from an accumulation of anthocyanin pigments.

Which of the following gives rise to wood in plants?

  1. Phloem parenchyma

  2. Vascular cambium

  3. Phloem fibres

  4. Companion cells

  5. Sieve cells

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Vascular cambium produces secondary xylem and secondary phloem. This is a process that may continue throughout the life of the plant. This gives rise to wood in plants.

Which of the following statements does not characterise the fruit development in angiosperms?

  1. The zygote gives rise to the endosperm.

  2. The pericarp is often differentiated into two or three distinct layers.

  3. After pollination, a tube grows from the pollen through the stigma into the ovary.

  4. After double fertilisation, the ovules become seeds.

  5. Within the megagametophyte, both the sperms unite with the egg to form a zygote.

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Within the megagametophyte, one of the two sperms unites with the egg to form a zygote.

Which of the following structures accomodates the ovules or the seeds of the flowering plants?

  1. Locules

  2. Integuments

  3. Cotyledons

  4. Calyptra

  5. Strobilus

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The locules contain the ovules or seeds.

Which of the following parenchyma cells is meant for the storage of water?

  1. Prosenchyma

  2. Conjunctive parenchyma

  3. Armed parenchyma

  4. Medullary parenchyma

  5. Arenchyma

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Conjunctive parenchyma is the parenchyma which occurs in the root system. It is specially meant for storage of water.

Which of the following is a primary macronutrient required by the plants?

  1. Magnesium

  2. Silicon

  3. Calcium

  4. Phosphorus

  5. Sulphur

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 It is a primary macronutrient of the plants.

Which of the following statements does not characterise phloem tissues in plants?

  1. Messenger RNAs are transported in the phloem through sieve tube elements.

  2. Phloem sap helps in sending informational signals throughout vascular plants.

  3. The movement through the phloem is driven by positive hydrostatic pressures.

  4. The phloem tubes sit outside the xylem.

  5. When the plant is an embryo, vascular tissue emerges from cambium tissue.

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

When the plant is an embryo, vascular tissue emerges from procambium tissue.

Which of the following nutrients increases drought tolerance in plants?

  1. Magnesium

  2. Calcium

  3. Sulphur

  4. Potassium

  5. Phosphorus

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Potassium regulates the opening and closing of the stomata by a potassium ion pump. Since stomata are important in water regulation, potassium reduces water loss from the leaves and increases drought tolerance.

The stems of seed plants follow

  1. polyarch

  2. centrarch

  3. exarch

  4. endarch

  5. mesarch

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 The stems of seed plants typically have endarch development.

______ is a simple, fleshy fruit originating from the syncarpous inferior ovary.

  1. Follicle

  2. Pome

  3. Pepo

  4. Berry

  5. Drupe

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

It is a simple fleshy, false fruit. It develops from a syncarpous inferior ovary having axile placentation.

Which of the following plant hormones is present in coconut water?

  1. Abscisic acid

  2. Ethylene

  3. Cytokinin

  4. Auxin

  5. Gibberellin

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 It is also present in coconut water.

Which of the following statements is false regarding the pollen production in angiosperms?

  1. The microsporangia form sacs or pockets (locules) in the anther.

  2. Each microsporangium contains haploid pollen mother cells.

  3. Each microspore divides mitotically to form an immature microgametophyte.

  4. The pollen is eventually released when the anther forms openings.

  5. The pollen of angiosperms must be transported to the stigma of a compatible flower.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Each microsporangium is lined with a nutritive tissue layer called the tapetum and initially contains diploid pollen mother cells.

Which of the following does NOT characterise parenchyma tissue found in all plants?

  1. Isodiametric cells

  2. Living cells

  3. Thick cell walls

  4. Dense cytoplasm

  5. Intercellular spaces

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The cell walls are thin and made of cellulose.

Which of the following is NOT an application of gibberellin hormones of the plants?

  1. Bolting

  2. Delay in senescence

  3. Increase in fruit size

  4. Breaking of dormancy

  5. Parthenocarpy

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cytokinins delay the senescence of plant organs by controlling protein synthesis and mobilisation of resources.

______ lies beneath the inflorescences of Asteraceae and Apiaceae.

  1. Petaloid

  2. Spathe

  3. Epicalyx

  4. Bracteole

  5. Involucral

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

 An involucre is a common feature beneath the inflorescences of many Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Dipsacaceae and Polygonaceae.

Which of the following is not a function of the cytokinins in flowering plants?

  1. Cell division

  2. Morphogenesis

  3. Flowering

  4. Apical dominance

  5. Production of male flowers

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Gibberellins induce production of male flowers on genetically female plants.

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

  1. The dust-like seeds of orchids contain numerous endosperm.

  2. Endosperm is the evolutionary remnant of the actual gametophyte.

  3. About 70% of angiosperm species have endosperm cells that are polyploid.

  4. Ancestral flowering plants have seeds that have small embryos and abundant endosperm.

  5. Wheat endosperm is ground into flour for bread.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The dust-like seeds of orchids have no endosperm.

_______ is a living component of plant's vascular tissue.

  1. Tracheids

  2. Vessels or trachea

  3. Xylem parenchyma

  4. Xylem sclerenchyma

  5. Bast fibres

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

These are made up of parenchymatous cells.

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