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Reaching the Age of Adolescence

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The ______________ works closely with the nervous system in regulating certain activities of the body by secreting hormones directly into the bloodstream.

  1. endocrine system

  2. immune system

  3. digestive system

  4. respiratory system

  5. cardiovascular system


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Yes, it is correct. The endocrine system works closely with the nervous system in regulating certain activities of the body by secreting hormones directly into the bloodstream.

The age at which the reproductive system becomes functional is called ______________.

  1. adolescence

  2. metamorphosis

  3. teenage

  4. puberty

  5. adulthood


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The age at which the reproductive system becomes functional is called puberty. The human body undergoes several changes during adolescence,  which marks the onset of puberty.

Which of the following is the male sex hormone?

  1. Thyroxine

  2. Insulin

  3. Adrenalin

  4. Testosterone

  5. Estrogen


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Yes, it is correct. Testosterone is the male sex hormone. 

How many pairs of chromosomes are there in a human body?

  1. 8

  2. 23

  3. 36

  4. 46


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A human body has 23 pairs of chromosomes, out of which 22 pairs are autosomes and 1 pair is the sex determining pair.

Which of the following is an indicator of the beginning of the reproductive age in females?

  1. Voice changes

  2. Diet increases

  3. Menstruation starts

  4. Body weight increases

  5. Height increases


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The beginning of the menstrual cycle is an indicator of the beginning of the reproductive age in females.

Chromosomes that do not take part in the determination of sex are called autosomes.

Of the total pairs of chromosomes in a human being, how many pairs are autosomes?

  1. 1 pair

  2. 22 pairs

  3. 8 pairs

  4. 16 pairs

  5. 2 pairs


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Chromosomes that do not take part in the determination of sex are called autosomes. There are 22 pairs of autosomes in a human. This is the correct option. A human being has 22 pairs of autosomes and only 1 pair of allosomes.

Which of the following options determines the sex of the unborn baby?

  1. The secretion of testosterone harmone.

  2. The secretion of estrogen harmone.

  3. Allosomes in the sperm.

  4. Autosomes in the sperm.

  5. Thyroxine determines sex.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Sex chromosomes in sperms determine the baby’s gender. Allosomes are the sex chromosomes.

Which of the following statement/s is/are correct? (a) The endocrine glands are ductless. (b) The secretions from endocrine glands are poured directly into the blood. (c) Endocrine glands control the onset of puberty.

  1. Only a

  2. Only b

  3. Only c

  4. Both a and b

  5. Both a and c


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones directly into the blood rather than through a duct.

Which of the following glands is not an endocrine gland?

  1. Thyroid gland

  2. Pituitary gland

  3. Pancreas

  4. Mammary gland

  5. Ovary


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Yes, it is the correct answer. A mammary gland is an organ in female mammals that produces milk to feed young offspring. Mammals get their name from the word mammary. In humans, the mammary glands are situated in the breasts. In ruminants such as cows, goats, and deer, the mammary glands are contained in the udders. These are exocrine glands.

The sex determining chromosomes in a human male are ______ and the sex determining chromosomes in a human female are _______.

  1. XX, XY

  2. XY, XX

  3. XX, XO

  4. XO, XX


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Human females have two of the same kind of sex chromosomes (XX), while males have two distinct sex chromosomes (XY). The XY chromosomal cells create testosterone and anti-müllerian hormone to turn the genderless sex organs into male. With females, their cells excrete estrogen, driving the body down the female pathway. Thereby, determining the sex of the baby.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of hormones?

  1. They are specific chemical messengers.

  2. The endocrine glands secrete them regularly in bulk.

  3. They are poured directly into the blood.

  4. They act on specific tissue/organ.

  5. They get destroyed immediately after their action is over.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The endocrine glands secrete them in small amounts.

Match column I with column II.

Column I Column II
a. Endocrine glands 1. Growth hormones
b Exocrine glands 2. Glands without ducts
c. Pituitary glands 3. Glands with ducts
  1. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  2. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  3. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  4. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Endocrine glands are glands without ducts. Exocrine glands are glands with ducts. Pituatory glands secrete growth hormones. Hence, option (2) is correct.

Which of the following is correct about the pituitary gland? (a) It is called the master gland. (b) It simulates the testes and ovaries. (c) It produces sex hormones. (d) It initiates the changes in the body to attain sexual maturity.

  1. only a

  2. only b

  3. c and d

  4. a, b, c and d

  5. only d


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option as all the above statements are correct

The shedding of the uterine thickening along with its blood vessels is called

  1. menstruation

  2. menarche

  3. mesarche

  4. menopause


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The shedding of the uterine thickening along with its blood vessels is known as menstruation.

__________________ regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in the body so as to provide the best balance for growth.

  1. Pituitary hormone

  2. Thyroxine hormone

  3. Pancreatic hormone

  4. Adrenalin

  5. Parathyroid hormone


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Thyroxine hormone regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in the body so as to provide the best balance for growth. It has influence over physical and mental development of an individual.

Which of the following is the name for a mature reproductive cell?

  1. Estrogen

  2. Testosterone

  3. Larynx

  4. Gamete

  5. Autosome


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A gamete is a mature reproductive cell - a sperm or an ovum. This is the correct option.

Which of the following is the correct term for the first menstrual flow that begins at puberty?

  1. Menopause

  2. Menarche

  3. Menstrual cycle

  4. Ovulation

  5. Pregnancy


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The first menstrual flow begins at puberty and is called menarche.

Which of the following glands control the stress hormone?

  1. Thyroid gland

  2. Parathyroid gland

  3. Adrenal gland

  4. Thymus gland

  5. Pituitary gland


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The adrenal gland controls the stress hormones cortisol and epinephrine. The stress hormones act by mobilizing energy from storage to muscles, increasing heart rate, blood pressure and breathing rate and shutting down metabolic processes such as digestion, reproduction, growth and immunity.

Why many adolescents get acne and pimples at the time of puberty?

  1. Because of irregular sex hormones

  2. Because of development of secondary sex organs

  3. Because of reproductive maturity

  4. Because of increased activity of sebaceous and sweat glands


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The reason why many adolescents get acne and pimples at the time of puberty is because of increased activity of sebaceous or oil and sweat glands.

Match the two columns:

Column I (GLANDS) Column II(LOCATION)
a. Thyroid 1. Base of the brain
b. Adrenal 2. Below stomach
c. Pancreas 3. Neck, in front of windpipe
d. Pituatory 4. Located at top of each kidney
  1. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3, d - 4

  2. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1, d - 4

  3. a - 4, b - 3, c - 2, d - 1

  4. a - 3, b - 4, c - 2, d - 1

  5. a - 2, b - 4, c - 3, d - 1


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option. The thyroid gland is situated at the base of the neck, in front of the windpipe. The adrenal glands are two, situated on top of the kidneys. The pancreas are situated below the stomach. The pituatory glands are situated at the base of the brain.

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