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Immunity (Class XII)

Description: Proteins
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: autoimmune diseases vaccination immune system Auto Immune Diseases Immune System of Human Body Immunity Vaccination and Immunisation
Attempted 0/15 Correct 0 Score 0

Which of the following complement components is/are activated during endotoxin inactivation?

  1. C1 to C9

  2. C1 to C5

  3. C1, C4, C2 and C3

  4. C5a


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Complements C1 to C5 are activated during endotoxin inactivation.

Inflammation of testes is seen in which of the following autoimmune diseases?

  1. Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome

  2. Oophoritis

  3. Orchitis

  4. Lichen sclerosus


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Orchitis is an inflammation of the testes with mild testicular pain or swelling. It results in infertility.

Which of the following statements regarding peritoneal macrophages is true?

  1. They are fixed macrophages.

  2. They are wandering macrophages.

  3. They are found in the bones.

  4. They are killer cells.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Wandering macrophages are the macrophages that leave blood and migrate to an infected tissue. Peritoneal macrophages are wandering macrophages.

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 is a genetic autoimmune disorder in which multiple endocrine glands dysfunction as a result of autoimmunity. It is also known as which of the following?

  1. Isaac's syndrome

  2. POEMS syndrome

  3. Whitaker syndrome

  4. Cogan's syndrome


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Whitaker syndrome is another name of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1. Its nine symptoms include photophobia, decreased skin pigmentations, visual difficulties, dysplastic fingernails, cataracts, corneal clouding, alopecia, vitiligo and chronic infections. 

Which of the following T-cells call in phagocytes to destroy microbes?

  1. Cytotoxic T-cells

  2. Regulatory T-cells

  3. Killer T-cells

  4. Memory T-cells


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Regulatory T-cells also known as suppressor and helper T-cells call in phagocytes to destroy bacterial cells.

Which of the following cells differentiate into macrophages?

  1. Polymorphonuclear granulocytes

  2. Lysosomal cells

  3. Monocytes

  4. Kuffer cells


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Monocytes are the precursors of macrophages. They differentiate into macrophages.

The regulatory proteins released by activated T-cells are known as

  1. histamines

  2. monokines

  3. lymphokines

  4. antibodies


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Antibodies are the regulatory proteins released by the activated T-cells.

Which of the following T-cells recognise the antigens coupled to class I MHC?

  1. Regulatory T-cells

  2. Helper T-cells

  3. Killer T-cells

  4. γδ T-cells


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Killer T-cells recognise the antigens coupled to class I MHC molecules.

Cyclosporin is an immunosupressive drug. In which of the following ways does it produce its action?

  1. Killing activated T-cells

  2. Inhibition of signal transduction

  3. Inhibiting division of immune cells

  4. Inhibition of complement activation


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Immunosuppressive drugs (cyclosporin) prevent T-cells from responding to signals correctly by inhibiting signal transduction pathways.

Which of the following T-cells express the CD45RO protein on their surface?

  1. Helper T-cells

  2. Memory T-cells

  3. Cytotoxic T-cells

  4. Suppressor T-cells


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Memory T-cells typically express the cell surface protein CD45RO. It is an essential regulator of T and B-cell antigen receptor signaling.

Behcet's syndrome is an autoimmune disease. Which of the following body organs get(s) inflamed in it?

  1. Myelin sheath

  2. Small intestine

  3. Blood vessels

  4. Eyes


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Inflammation of blood vessels throughout the body, swelling, redness, heat and pain takes place in Behcet's syndrome.

Which of the following conditions occurs in immunodeficiency disease X-linked agammaglobulinemia?

  1. Normal number of B-cells with decreased IgG and IgA and increased IgM

  2. B-cells are present but with reduction in 2 or more isotypes

  3. Complete lack of antibodies

  4. Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In X-linked agammaglobulinemia, B-cells are not generated. Due to this, antibodies are not formed and it manifests as a complete lack of antibodies in their bloodstream. It happens due to a mutation in X-chromosome.

Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterised by

  1. an increase in platelet count

  2. a decrease in platelet count

  3. bone marrow abnormalities

  4. blister formation on the skin


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura is characterised by a decrease in platelet count. ITP is an autoimmune disease with antibodies detectable against several platelet surface antigens.

Which of the following is not an action of adjuvants?

  1. They extend the presence of antigens in the blood.

  2. They activate macrophages and lymphocytes.

  3. They accelerate the division of immune cells.

  4. They support the production of cytokines.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Adjuvants do not accelerate the division of immune cells.

Match the columns.

 
Phagocyte Function
1. NK cells a. Present antigens
2. Dendritic cells b. Anaphylaxis
3. Mast cells c. Attack and destroy tumor cells
4. Macrophages d. Scavengers
  1.  
    1. NK cells d. Scavengers
    2. Dendritic cells c. Attack and destroy tumor cells
    3. Mast cells a. Present antigens
    4. Macrophages b. Anaphylaxis
  2.  
    1. NK cells c. Attack and destroy tumor cells
    2. Dendritic cells a. Present antigens
    3. Mast cells b. Anaphylaxis
    4. Macrophages d. Scavengers
  3.  
    1. NK cells b. Anaphylaxis
    2. Dendritic cells d. Scavengers
    3. Mast cells a. Present antigens
    4. Macrophages c. Attack and destroy tumor cells
  4.  
    1. NK cells d. Scavengers
    2. Dendritic cells b. Anaphylaxis
    3. Mast cells c. Attack and destroy tumor cells
    4. Macrophages a. Present antigens

Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This is the correct match. Natural killer (NK cells) cells are leukocytes that attack and destroy tumor cells. Dendritic cells present antigens to T-cells. Mast cells are most often associated with allergy and anaphylaxis. Macrophages act as scavengers, ridding the body of worn-out cells and other debris.

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