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Acids, Bases and Salts (Class-X)

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An indicator prepared from artificial substances is known as synthetic indicator. Which of the following is/are synthetic indicators?

  1. Methyl orange

  2. Methyl orange and litmus

  3. Litmus

  4. Methyl orange and phenolphthalein

  5. Litmus and phenolphthalein


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Methyl orange and phenolphthalein are both synthetic indicators.

There are many different properties of acids. Which of the following is not a property of acids?

  1. Acids have a sour taste.

  2. Acid solutions conduct electricity.

  3. Acids react with metals to form hydrogen gas.

  4. Acids feel soapy to touch.

  5. Acids react with bases to form salt and water.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option as this is not a property of acids. It is a property of bases.

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. An indicator is a dye that changes colour when it is put into an acid or a base. b. Litmus is the most common indicator used for testing acids and bases in the laboratory. c. An acid turns red litmus to blue.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct option as this statement is false. An acid turns blue litmus to red.

A base that is partially ionised in water is a weak base. Which of the following are a weak base?

  1. Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide

  2. Sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide

  3. Sodium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide

  4. Calcium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide

  5. Potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Calcium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide are both weak bases.

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. Rain water dissolves carbon dioxide gas from air and forms carbonic acid. b. The aqueous solution of an acid conducts electricity due to the presence of charged particles in it. c. Acids show acidic behaviour in the absence of water.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct option as this statement is false. Acids do not show acidic behaviour in the absence of water.

Bases are used in the industry for manufacturing various substances. Which of the following bases is used in the manufacture of rayon?

  1. Sodium hydroxide

  2. Calcium hydroxide

  3. Magnesium hydroxide

  4. Sodium carbonate

  5. Sodium hydrogencarbonate


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Sodium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of rayon.

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. Non-metal oxides are acidic in nature. b. In pure water, the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions are equal. c. The pH of a solution is directly proportional to the concentration of hydrogen ions in it.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct option as this statement is false. The pH of a solution is inversely proportional to the concentration of hydrogen ions in it.

A base that is soluble in water without any chemical reaction is called an alkali. Which of the following is not an alkali?

  1. NaOH

  2. KoH

  3. Ca(OH)2

  4. NH4OH

  5. Na2CO3


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Na2CO3 (chemical name sodium carbonate) is not an alkali.

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. The salts of hydrochloric acid are called 'chlorides'. b. A solution of pH 14 will be a weaker base than another solution of pH 10. c. Sulphurous acid is a weak acid because it ionises partially in water to form a small amount of hydrogen ions.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This is the correct option as this statement is false. A solution of pH 14 will be a much more stronger base than another solution of pH 10.

Chloroform is used in hospitals by the doctors. Which of the following products of sodium chloride is used in the manufacturing of chloroform?

  1. Bleaching powder

  2. Plaster of Paris

  3. Washing soda

  4. Caustic soda

  5. Baking soda


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Bleaching powder is used in the manufacturing of chloroform.

When a wasp stings a person, it injects an alkaline liquid into the skin. It can be neutralised by rubbing a mild acid like

  1. tartaric acid

  2. vinegar

  3. citric acid

  4. caustic soda

  5. baking soda


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This is the correct option. If a wasp stings a person, then rubbing a mild acid like vinegar can neutralise it.

Which of the following chemical compounds of common salt has a mild, non-corrosive base and is mildly alkaline in water?

  1. Sodium carbonate

  2. Sodium acetate

  3. Sodium chloride

  4. Sodium hydroxide

  5. Sodium hydrogencarbonate


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Sodium hydrogencarbonate has a mild, non-corrosive base and is mildly alkaline in water.

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. Sodium hypochlorite is a bleaching agent that is used in making household bleaches. b. The solution of washing soda in water is alkaline that turns blue litmus red. c. Washing soda is one of the few metal carbonates that are soluble in water.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This is the correct option as this statement is false. The solution of washing soda in water is alkaline that turns red litmus blue.

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. An ant's sting injects methanoic acid into the skin of a person causing burning pain. b. Antacids are a group of mild bases having no toxic effect on the human body. c. Calcium hydroxide is added to the acidic lake water to neutralise the acid that comes from acid rain.

  1. Only a

  2. Only b and a

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct option as this statement is false. Calcium carbonate is added to the acidic lake water to neutralise the acid that comes from acid rain.

The water of crystallisation imparts colour to the salts. Which of the following salts is imparted blue colour due to the water of crystallisation?

  1. Calcium sulphate

  2. Sodium carbonate

  3. Iron sulphate

  4. Copper sulphate

  5. Cobalt nitrate


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option. The crystals of copper sulphate are blue in colour due to the water of crystallisation. 

An acid that is partially ionised in water is a weak acid. Which of the following acids is a weak acid?

a. Sulphuric acid b. Carbonic acid c. Nitric acid d. Sulphurous acid

  1. Only a and b

  2. Only b and d

  3. Only a and c

  4. Only a and d

  5. Only b and c


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Carbonic acid and sulphurous acid are both weak acids as they are partially ionised in water.

Iron sulphate heptahydrate contains _______ molecules of water of crystallisation per formula unit.

  1. 10

  2. 6

  3. 7

  4. 2

  5. 5


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Copper sulphate pentahydrate contains 5 molecules of water of crystallisation per formula unit.

If a solution is neither acidic nor basic, it will turn the universal indicator

  1. red

  2. orangish-yellow

  3. green

  4. violet

  5. purple


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This is the correct option. If a solution is neither acidic nor basic, it will turn the universal indicator green.

When fresh milk (having pH of 6) is changed into curd, its pH will

  1. remain 6

  2. become 7

  3. become more than 7

  4. become less than 6

  5. become 0


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option. When fresh milk (having pH of 6) is changed into curd, its pH will become less than 6.

Acids are never stored in metal containers because

  1. they react with metals to form gases

  2. they react with metals and explode

  3. they corrode very fast in metals

  4. they gradually corrode and eat up the metal container

  5. they form protective layer around metals and stop reacting further


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Acids are never stored in metal containers because they gradually corrode and eat up the metal container.

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