It functions as an antioxidant and protects our body against radiation and pollutions.

These are proteins that are coupled with a colored pigment. Example: Myoglubin, hemocyanin, cytochromes, flavoproteins etc.

Docosahexaenoic acid is an omega-3 fatty acid that is a primary structural component of the human brain, cerebral cortex, skin, sperm, testicles and retina. It can be synthesized from alpha-linolenic acid or obtained directly from maternal milk or fish oil.

Gangliosides have at least three sugars, one of which must be sialic acid.

Glycerophospholipids, usually referred to as phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and cell signaling.

Secondary, acquired or transient lactase deficiency is caused by an injury to the small intestine, usually during infancy, from acute gastroenteritis, diarrhea, chemotherapy, intestinal parasites or other environmental causes.

These are proteins linked with various metals. Example: Casein, collagen, ceruloplasmin etc.

Lactulose is a synthetic, non-digestible sugar used in the treatment of chronic constipation and hepatic encephalopathy, a complication of liver disease. It is a disaccharide (double-sugar) formed from one molecule each of the simple sugars (monosaccharides) fructose and galactose.

The folding of the polypeptide chain is stabilized by weak noncovalent interactions.

N-Acetylglucosamine is part of a biopolymer in the bacterial cell wall, built from alternating units of GlcNAc and N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc), cross-linked with oligopeptides at the lactic acid residue of MurNAc. This layered structure is called peptidoglycan (formerly called murein).

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) collect fat molecules (phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, etc.) from the body's cells/tissues, and take it back to the liver. HDLs are sometimes referred to as good lipoprotein because higher concentrations correlate with low rates of atherosclerosis progression.

Eicosapentaenoic acid is an omega-3 fatty acid. It is obtained in the human diet by eating oily fish or fish oil, e.g. cod liver, herring, mackerel, salmon, menhaden and sardine, and various types of edible seaweed. It is also found in human breast milk.

Steroids are structurally different from the other lipids. The carbon skeleton of steroids is bent to form four fused rings that do not contain fatty acids. The most common steroid, cholesterol, is needed to make both the male (testosterone) and female (estrogen) sex hormones.

Rumenic acid is a conjugated linoleic acid found in the fat of ruminants and in dairy products. It is an omega-7 trans fat.

Sucrose is a molecule with nine stereocentres and many sites that are reactive or can be reactive.