0

Number Theory (SAT)

Description: Online Number Theory Test for SAT, GRE, GMAT, MBA Preparation with Study Material
Number of Questions: 25
Created by:
Tags: Number Theory Test Quantitative Ability Test GRE Online Test CAT Preparation GMAT Tests Number Systems Mathematics Real Numbers Odd and Even Numbers Divisibilty Rule
Attempted 0/25 Correct 0 Score 0

In a class of 30 students, 16 students play cricket and 20 students play football. Which of the following could not be the total number of students, who play both the games?

  1. 16

  2. 14

  3. 10

  4. 4

  5. 6


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Since out of 30 students 36 play games; the least number of students who play both games is 6. So, it is (4) that is not possible. (Since it is not given that every student plays at least one game, there could be instances like 16 play both games, and 4 play only football; Similarly other choices can be verified.)

The total number of integers between 100 and 200 both inclusive that equal the square of some integer is

  1. one

  2. two

  3. three

  4. four

  5. five


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Since 102 = 100, 142 = 196, there are 5 integers (10 to 14) whose square lies between 100 and 200.

For positive integers m and n, such that m + n = 16, what is the greatest possible value of mn?

  1. 64

  2. 60

  3. 96

  4. 48

  5. Cannot be determined


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The positive values for (m, n) such that m + n = 16 are (1, 15); (2, 14); (3, 13); (4, 12), (5, 11) ,(6, 10), (7, 9) and (8, 8) or these pairs in the reverse order. The maximum possible value for their product is therefore 64. (Since it is not given that m and n are both positive, it is also possible to have values such as 1500, - 1484 for m, n satisfying the given equation, but the product will be negative in all such cases, and will be less than 64.)

If X is an integer, which of the following is an odd integer?

  1. X + 5

  2. 2X2 + 3

  3. 2X2 + 5X

  4. 3X2 + 2

  5. X2 + X + 2


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Assume X as 3. Then (1) = 8, (2) = 21, (3) = 33, (4) = 29 and (5) = 14. So (1) and (5) is not the answer. Let take X = 2 then (2) = 11, (3) = 18, and (4) = 14. Only choice (2) is odd in both cases.

Integer k is a multiple of 15 and 10. What would be the least value of k?

  1. 15

  2. 20

  3. 30

  4. 60

  5. 90


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Choice (3) i.e 30 is divisible by both 15 and 10 and is least positive integer. 15 is not divisible by 10 and 20 is not divisible by 15. Other choices are more than 30 hence can be eliminated

If 96 and 120 have remainders 5 and 3 respectively when divided by a positive integer m, find the value of m.

  1. 7

  2. 9

  3. 11

  4. 13

  5. 19


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

If the division of 96 by m leaves the remainder 5, then 91 must be divisible by m without remainder.  Similarly, if the division of 120 by m leaves the remainder 3, then 117 must be divisible by m without  remainder. So, m must be a divisor of both 91 and 117. Among the choices, it is only 13 which satisfies this  condition.

Which of the following numbers is not the sum of three consecutive even integers?

  1. 18

  2. 54

  3. 123

  4. 294

  5. 324


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Let three consecutive positive even integers are (a – 2), a, (a + 2), their sum is 3a. As a is the middle number and is an even integer. So the sum must be divisible by 6. Out of given choices, choice (3) is not a multiple of 6.

Let [k] be the greatest integer, which is less than or equal to k. For example [1.3] = 1. Find the value of [- 2.6] - [2.6].

  1. 0

    • 5
    • 4
  2. 5

  3. 4


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

[- 2.6] - [2.6] = - 3 - 2 = - 5

All numbers divisible by both 6 and 10 are also divisible by following numbers, except

  1. 6

  2. 15

  3. 12

  4. 3

  5. 5


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Numbers divisible by both 6 and 10 are 30, 60,90,120, .... All these are not divisible by 12.

If n is a positive integer, which of the following must be an odd integer?

  1. n + 3

  2. 3n2 + 1

  3. 5n + 3

  4. n2 + 2n

  5. n2 + n + 1


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

We should try one odd value (say, 1) and one even value (say 2) for n for each of the choices. Let us start with choice (5). lf n = 1, (5) = 1+ 1 + 1 = 3. If n = 2, (5) = 4 + 2 + 1 = 7. Both are odd numbers. So, we can stop here and choose (5) itself as the answer. (You can independently verify why  the other choices are wrong.).

What is the least possible integer divisible by the numbers 3, 4, 5 and 6?

  1. 30

  2. 40

  3. 60

  4. 90

  5. 120


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

LCM of 3, 4 ,5 and 6, which is equal to 60. (You can also argue that 30 is not divisible by 4, 40 is not divisible by 3, and 60 is divisible by all the given numbers and must be the answer.)

If m and n are integers, such that m2 + n2 = 25 and m > n, the maximum possible value of m – n is __________.

  1. 1

  2. 3

  3. 4

  4. 7

  5. 5


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The possible values for (m, n) consistent with the given conditions are (4, 3 ). Then m – n = 1 or 7. So, the maximum value is 7.

If one number is chosen at random from the first 900 positive integers, what is the probability that the number chosen is a multiple of both 3 and 5?
  1. 3/125

  2. 1/9

  3. 3/45

  4. 9/75


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Any number that is a multiple of both 3 and 5 must be a multiple of 15. The number of integers from 1 and 900 which are multiples of 15 are 15 × 1, 15 × 2, 15 × 3, ..., 15 × 60. These are 60 in number. So, the probability that one among the first 900 numbers chosen at random being a multiple of 15 is 60/900 = 6/90 = 1/15 = 3/45

Which of the following can be expressed as the sum of three consecutive positive integers?

  1. 18

  2. 37

  3. 40

  4. 56

  5. 65


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Let three consecutive positive integers are (a – 1), a, (a + 1), their sum is 3a. As a is the middle number and is an integer. So the sum must be divisible by 3. Out of given choices only choice (1) is a multiple of 3.

If a and b are negative integers, which of the following is the greatest?

  1. ab

    • a3b
  2. a2 - b2

  3. a2 + b2

  4. a3 + b3


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Let (a, b) be (-1, -2). Then (1) = 2, (2) = - 2, (3) = - 3, (4) = 5 and (5) = - 7. So (4) is greatest among all the choices, is the answer.

If a is an odd integer and b is an even integer, which of the following is an even integer?

  1. 3( a + b)

  2. ab2

  3. ab – 1

  4. a2 – b

  5. b2 – a


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Let a = 3 and b = 2. Then, starting from (5), the choices are (4 – 3 = 1), (9 – 2 = 7), (6 – 1 = 5), (3 x 22 = 12) and {3(3 + 2) = 15}. Of these, only the second choice  is an even integer.

What is the ten's unit of maximum possible product of two different whole numbers, each having two digits?

  1. 3

  2. 4

  3. 0

  4. 2

  5. 6


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Correct Answer: 0

If both ac and bc are integers, which of the following must also be an integer? I. a + c II. abc III. (a2 + b2) c2

  1. I only

  2. III only

  3. I, II and III

  4. II and III only

  5. I and III only


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Consistent with the given condition (a, b, c) can be 1/2, 1/3 and 6. So, I need not be true. Similarly, (a, b, c) can be (1/2, 1/2, 2). So, II need not be true. If ac and bc are both integers, then (ac)2 + (bc)2 must also be an integer. So, III must always be true. So, (3) is the answer.

If k is a positive integer, which of the following must be an even integer?

  1. k2

  2. k(k - 1)

  3. k - 1

  4. 3k + 1

  5. 4k + 3


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Since we have to test all the choices, Let us consider one odd value (1) for k. Then (1) = 1, (2) = 0 , (3) = 0, (4) = 4 and (5) = 7. Now let us consider one even value (2) for k. Then (1) = 4, (2) = 2, (3) = 1, (4) = 7 and (5) = 11.In both cases Choice (2) is even, is the answer.

Subtracting 1, from which digit of the number 98,765 decreases the number by one hundred?

  1. 9

  2. 8

  3. 7

  4. 6

  5. 5


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Obviously 98,665 is 100 less than 98, 765.

What is the middle number of 5 consecutive integers, whose sum is 350?

  1. 72

  2. 71

  3. 74

  4. 70

  5. 75


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Let 5 consecutive integers are X - 2, X - 1, X , X + 1 and X + 2. Their sum is 5X. So 5X= 350 which means X is 70 which is the middle number.

If p, q, r, s and t are integers, the expression p2{q3(r - s) + t} will be an even number whenever ____ is even.

  1. p

  2. q

  3. r

  4. s

  5. t


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The expression is of the form p2X. So, whenever p is even, the product will be even, irrespective of whether the second number X is odd or even. So, (1) is the answer.

The positive difference between the cubes of any two positive integers can't be

  1. a multiple of 3

  2. a prime number

  3. an even integer

  4. an odd integer

  5. the cube of an integer


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Let us try two pairs of consecutive positive integers starting with an odd number and an even number, say (1, 2) and (2, 3). The differences between the cubes of the two numbers are (8 - 1) = 7 in  the first case, and (27 - 8) = 15 in the second case. Among the choices, it is only (2) which is true in both these cases.

If n is an integer, which of the following options is an even integer?

  1. n – 2

  2. n2

  3. n3 – n

  4. (n – 3)2

  5. n + 2


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Choices 1, 2, 4 and 5 can be even or odd depending on the value chosen for n. Now, n3 - n = n(n2 -1) = n(n +1)(n - 1) = (n - 1)(n)(n + 1). This is the product of 3 consecutive integers at least one of which will be even. Hence, the product will always be even. Hence, choice (3) wil always be even.

Let m is the greatest possible 3-digit number, in which no number is repeated, and n is the least positive 3-digit number that can be made using all of the digits of m. What is the value of m - n?

  1. 198

  2. 222

  3. 864

  4. 885

  5. 965


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

p; that can be written using these three digits is 789. Their difference is 987 - 789 = 198.

- Hide questions