In context, what is the best way to deal with sentence 5 (reproduced below)?

This may evoke an interpretation that the man is disturbed, that he attempts to find out about the secrets of his soul, to get to know himself.

Direction for questions 7 to 12: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Spiritual Journey in Heart of Darkness

(1) Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad may be a narrative about colonization, revealing its drawbacks and corruption, it may also be understood as a journey into the depths of one’s psyche, if taken at a symbolic level.

(2) At the beginning of the novel, the reader is informed that Marlow is a ‘wanderer’ and was ‘not typical’ contrary to stay–at-home–minded seamen.(3) He has no home, in a psychological sense of the word.  (4) He simply “follows the sea”.  (5) This may evoke an interpretation that the man is disturbed, that he attempts to find out about the secrets of his soul, to get to know himself. (6) Since boyhood he had been interested in unexplored lands and especially in a long winding snake-like river with the “head” in the sea and “tail” plunging deeply into the land, which, as Marlow admits, “charmed” him.  (7)  This image resembles a map of a journey from the dark lands of the soul, the unconstrained, uncivilized core, which may be called a Freudian Id, towards light, that is Superego.(8)  Marlow desires to follow this path in the opposite direction to explore the depths of himself.

According to the context, which of the following is the best phrase that can be inserted at the beginning of sentence 12?

Improving Paragraph

Direction for questions 1 to 6: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Dinosaurs and Man

(1) These reptiles were very different from animals we are familiar with and they went extinct millions of years ago. (2) Some seem almost like monsters.(3) They existed as proved by the fossil record.(4) The young-earth fascination with dinosaurs centers on ‘proving’ they existed with man, hence indicating their world is not ancient. (5) The next article discuses how the theory that a global flood deposited the fossil layers does not hold water.  (6) People who are familiar with paleontology or history realize that before the dinosaur fossil discoveries of the 1800s, no one had ever heard of the long lost reptiles.
(7) The first evidence comes from mythology. (8)  Yes, you read that right.  (9) Creationists have had a history through mythology, looking for references to dragons and another beasts – and another beasts - and even the Loch Ness monster – and pointing to these things as possible indicators of dinosaurs.  (10)  Only recently did many creationists start agreeing with their critics that using mythology does not help one’s scientific theories very will and some have stopped using these ‘proofs”.  (11)  Most have also abandoned using the “Loch Ness Monster” and similar frauds and urban legends as evidences. (12) As a sign of the poor dissemination of information in creationist circles, some still print these things as true. (13)  So what do young-earth creationists purport to be the evidence of dinosaurs living alongside man? (14) Even the long ago abandoned claim that human footprints were found alongside dinosaur prints in the Paluxy River bed in Texas is resurrected quite often.  (15) Both secular and Christian researchers (including many young – earthers ) have concluded these prints are not human, but dinosaur prints like the ones they are found with. (16) Some reasons that the “human” prints are not human: 1. Too far apart to be human: 2.  Most are too large: 3.  Many show claw marks, etc,; and 4.  Some of the “prints” are simply erosion patterns.

Which of the following is the best way to revise and combine the underlined portions of sentences 2 and 3 (reproduced below)?

Some seem almost like monsters. They existed as proved by the fossil record.

Improving Paragraph

Direction for questions 1 to 6: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Dinosaurs and Man

(1) These reptiles were very different from animals we are familiar with and they went extinct millions of years ago. (2) Some seem almost like monsters.(3) They existed as proved by the fossil record.(4) The young-earth fascination with dinosaurs centers on ‘proving’ they existed with man, hence indicating their world is not ancient. (5) The next article discuses how the theory that a global flood deposited the fossil layers does not hold water.  (6) People who are familiar with paleontology or history realize that before the dinosaur fossil discoveries of the 1800s, no one had ever heard of the long lost reptiles.
(7) The first evidence comes from mythology. (8)  Yes, you read that right.  (9) Creationists have had a history through mythology, looking for references to dragons and another beasts – and another beasts - and even the Loch Ness monster – and pointing to these things as possible indicators of dinosaurs.  (10)  Only recently did many creationists start agreeing with their critics that using mythology does not help one’s scientific theories very will and some have stopped using these ‘proofs”.  (11)  Most have also abandoned using the “Loch Ness Monster” and similar frauds and urban legends as evidences. (12) As a sign of the poor dissemination of information in creationist circles, some still print these things as true. (13)  So what do young-earth creationists purport to be the evidence of dinosaurs living alongside man? (14) Even the long ago abandoned claim that human footprints were found alongside dinosaur prints in the Paluxy River bed in Texas is resurrected quite often.  (15) Both secular and Christian researchers (including many young – earthers ) have concluded these prints are not human, but dinosaur prints like the ones they are found with. (16) Some reasons that the “human” prints are not human: 1. Too far apart to be human: 2.  Most are too large: 3.  Many show claw marks, etc,; and 4.  Some of the “prints” are simply erosion patterns.

In context, which of the following revisions is necessary in sentence 1 (reproduced below)?

Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad may be a narrative about colonization, revealing its drawbacks and corruption, it may also be understood as a journey into the depths of one's psyche, if taken at a symbolic level

Direction for questions 7 to 12: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Spiritual Journey in Heart of Darkness

(1) Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad may be a narrative about colonization, revealing its drawbacks and corruption, it may also be understood as a journey into the depths of one’s psyche, if taken at a symbolic level.

(2) At the beginning of the novel, the reader is informed that Marlow is a ‘wanderer’ and was ‘not typical’ contrary to stay–at-home–minded seamen.(3) He has no home, in a psychological sense of the word.  (4) He simply “follows the sea”.  (5) This may evoke an interpretation that the man is disturbed, that he attempts to find out about the secrets of his soul, to get to know himself. (6) Since boyhood he had been interested in unexplored lands and especially in a long winding snake-like river with the “head” in the sea and “tail” plunging deeply into the land, which, as Marlow admits, “charmed” him.  (7)  This image resembles a map of a journey from the dark lands of the soul, the unconstrained, uncivilized core, which may be called a Freudian Id, towards light, that is Superego.(8)  Marlow desires to follow this path in the opposite direction to explore the depths of himself.

Which of the following should be done with sentence 13?

Improving Paragraph

Direction for questions 1 to 6: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Dinosaurs and Man

(1) These reptiles were very different from animals we are familiar with and they went extinct millions of years ago. (2) Some seem almost like monsters.(3) They existed as proved by the fossil record.(4) The young-earth fascination with dinosaurs centers on ‘proving’ they existed with man, hence indicating their world is not ancient. (5) The next article discuses how the theory that a global flood deposited the fossil layers does not hold water.  (6) People who are familiar with paleontology or history realize that before the dinosaur fossil discoveries of the 1800s, no one had ever heard of the long lost reptiles.
(7) The first evidence comes from mythology. (8)  Yes, you read that right.  (9) Creationists have had a history through mythology, looking for references to dragons and another beasts – and another beasts - and even the Loch Ness monster – and pointing to these things as possible indicators of dinosaurs.  (10)  Only recently did many creationists start agreeing with their critics that using mythology does not help one’s scientific theories very will and some have stopped using these ‘proofs”.  (11)  Most have also abandoned using the “Loch Ness Monster” and similar frauds and urban legends as evidences. (12) As a sign of the poor dissemination of information in creationist circles, some still print these things as true. (13)  So what do young-earth creationists purport to be the evidence of dinosaurs living alongside man? (14) Even the long ago abandoned claim that human footprints were found alongside dinosaur prints in the Paluxy River bed in Texas is resurrected quite often.  (15) Both secular and Christian researchers (including many young – earthers ) have concluded these prints are not human, but dinosaur prints like the ones they are found with. (16) Some reasons that the “human” prints are not human: 1. Too far apart to be human: 2.  Most are too large: 3.  Many show claw marks, etc,; and 4.  Some of the “prints” are simply erosion patterns.

Which of the following, if inserted before sentence 1, would make a good introduction to the essay?

Improving Paragraph

Direction for questions 1 to 6: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Dinosaurs and Man

(1) These reptiles were very different from animals we are familiar with and they went extinct millions of years ago. (2) Some seem almost like monsters.(3) They existed as proved by the fossil record.(4) The young-earth fascination with dinosaurs centers on ‘proving’ they existed with man, hence indicating their world is not ancient. (5) The next article discuses how the theory that a global flood deposited the fossil layers does not hold water.  (6) People who are familiar with paleontology or history realize that before the dinosaur fossil discoveries of the 1800s, no one had ever heard of the long lost reptiles.
(7) The first evidence comes from mythology. (8)  Yes, you read that right.  (9) Creationists have had a history through mythology, looking for references to dragons and another beasts – and another beasts - and even the Loch Ness monster – and pointing to these things as possible indicators of dinosaurs.  (10)  Only recently did many creationists start agreeing with their critics that using mythology does not help one’s scientific theories very will and some have stopped using these ‘proofs”.  (11)  Most have also abandoned using the “Loch Ness Monster” and similar frauds and urban legends as evidences. (12) As a sign of the poor dissemination of information in creationist circles, some still print these things as true. (13)  So what do young-earth creationists purport to be the evidence of dinosaurs living alongside man? (14) Even the long ago abandoned claim that human footprints were found alongside dinosaur prints in the Paluxy River bed in Texas is resurrected quite often.  (15) Both secular and Christian researchers (including many young – earthers ) have concluded these prints are not human, but dinosaur prints like the ones they are found with. (16) Some reasons that the “human” prints are not human: 1. Too far apart to be human: 2.  Most are too large: 3.  Many show claw marks, etc,; and 4.  Some of the “prints” are simply erosion patterns.

The writer’s story would be most improved if a paragraph were included on which of the following topics?

Direction for questions 7 to 12: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Spiritual Journey in Heart of Darkness

(1) Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad may be a narrative about colonization, revealing its drawbacks and corruption, it may also be understood as a journey into the depths of one’s psyche, if taken at a symbolic level.

(2) At the beginning of the novel, the reader is informed that Marlow is a ‘wanderer’ and was ‘not typical’ contrary to stay–at-home–minded seamen.(3) He has no home, in a psychological sense of the word.  (4) He simply “follows the sea”.  (5) This may evoke an interpretation that the man is disturbed, that he attempts to find out about the secrets of his soul, to get to know himself. (6) Since boyhood he had been interested in unexplored lands and especially in a long winding snake-like river with the “head” in the sea and “tail” plunging deeply into the land, which, as Marlow admits, “charmed” him.  (7)  This image resembles a map of a journey from the dark lands of the soul, the unconstrained, uncivilized core, which may be called a Freudian Id, towards light, that is Superego.(8)  Marlow desires to follow this path in the opposite direction to explore the depths of himself.

In context, which of the following is the best way to revise and combine the underlined portions of sentences 10 and 11 (reproduced below)?

The light come upon the groom of London with the Roman conquest. An orderly and disciplined society has been introduced by force formed by the savages.

Direction for questions 7 to 12: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Spiritual Journey in Heart of Darkness

(1) Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad may be a narrative about colonization, revealing its drawbacks and corruption, it may also be understood as a journey into the depths of one’s psyche, if taken at a symbolic level.

(2) At the beginning of the novel, the reader is informed that Marlow is a ‘wanderer’ and was ‘not typical’ contrary to stay–at-home–minded seamen.(3) He has no home, in a psychological sense of the word.  (4) He simply “follows the sea”.  (5) This may evoke an interpretation that the man is disturbed, that he attempts to find out about the secrets of his soul, to get to know himself. (6) Since boyhood he had been interested in unexplored lands and especially in a long winding snake-like river with the “head” in the sea and “tail” plunging deeply into the land, which, as Marlow admits, “charmed” him.  (7)  This image resembles a map of a journey from the dark lands of the soul, the unconstrained, uncivilized core, which may be called a Freudian Id, towards light, that is Superego.(8)  Marlow desires to follow this path in the opposite direction to explore the depths of himself.

Which of the following would be the best way to begin the passage?

Direction for questions 13 to 18: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Macbeth
(1) Composed in late 1606 or early 1607, Macbeth is the last of Shakespeare's four great tragedies, the others being Hamlet, King Lear and Othello. (2) It is a relatively short play without a major subplot, and it is considered by many scholars to be Shakespeare’s darkest work. (3) Lear is an utter tragedy in which the natural world is amorally indifferent toward mankind, but in Macbeth, Shakespeare adds a supernatural dimension that purposively conspires against Macbeth and his kingdom. (4) In the tragedy of Lear, the distraught king summons the goddess of Chaos, Hecht, in Macbeth, Hecate appears as an actual character.

(5) Shakespeare's Scottish tragedy is about Macbeth's bloody rise to power, including the murder of the Scottish king, Duncan, and the guilt-ridden pathology of evil deeds generating still more evil deeds. (6) Lady Macbeth was an integral part of the play’s most memorable character in the thematic web. (7) Like her husband, Lady Macbeth's ambition for power leads her into an unnatural, phantasmagoric realm of witchcraft, insomnia and madness. (8) While Macbeth responds to the prophecies of the play's famous trio of witches, Lady Macbeth goes even further by figuratively transforming herself into an unnatural, desexualized evil spirit. (9) The current trend of critical opinion is toward an upward reevaluation of Lady Macbeth, who is said to be rehumanized by her insanity and her suicide. (10) Much of this reappraisal of Lady Macbeth has taken place in discussions of her ironically strong marriage to Macbeth. (11) A union that on unfolding of the tragedy undergoes disintegration rested on loving bonds.

Which of the following would make the best introduction to the essay?

Direction for questions 19 to 24: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

My Laptop
(1)In the Stone Age, our ancestors used tablets to organize important thoughts, keep track of daily activities, and pass on their knowledge to future generations. (2) Their method of writing was inefficient as much effort was being put into carving and preserving the tablet, while the end result contained little information relative to its size. (3) As technologies evolve, we have refined our methods of writing and have come up with newer, cheaper, and more efficient ways to communicate. (4) Living in the age of information escalation, my most intimate experience with writing technologies comes from the use of my royal blue VAIO.

(5) In this essay, I will first describe how I have been shaped by my laptop, then provide nuanced detail about my use of it, and finally explain why my relationship with it is interesting.

(6) First, my laptop has shaped my style of living for the better. (7) Throughout my undergraduate years, I have taken the opportunity to travel and try many new things. (8) Specifically, I have participated in a few three to six month internship / cooperative education program in order to learn more about my own career aptitude. (9) During temporary relocations to Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, Los Angeles, and Taipei, my laptop has always accompanied me and provided great mobility to wherever destination. (10) In this, through the use of Outlook Express and AIM, my VAIO helped me communicate with colleagues during the day, and family and friends at night. (11) Beyond that, I believe the convenience of relocation that is implied in laptop ownership has vastly broadened my world views and has allowed me to become more independent as a young adult.

(12) Other than being a necessary traveling companion, my laptop has also become an integral part of my life while at school. (13) For instance, I use it to manage mutual fund investments, organize lecture notes and homework, read the news (I spend a lot of time at cnn.com), edit video clips, etc.

(14) I cannot live without my laptop, it's quite simple. (15) Throughout the years, I have become increasingly dependent on it for day-to-day activities such as corresponding with professors, keeping in touch with families, and friends, as well as organizing personal documents such as music, pictures, and the like. (16) I still make a habit of carrying it wherever I go, and probably spend more time with this so-called writing technology than any other object or person.(17) In the event of an emergency evacuation, it would definitely be the first thing I take and the last thing to let go.

In context, the underlined portion of sentence 9 (reproduced below) could best be revised in which of the following ways?

If it is a dark Id, then Superego is presented as the civilized world, full of light, knowledge, awareness of the self.

Direction for questions 7 to 12: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Spiritual Journey in Heart of Darkness

(1) Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad may be a narrative about colonization, revealing its drawbacks and corruption, it may also be understood as a journey into the depths of one’s psyche, if taken at a symbolic level.

(2) At the beginning of the novel, the reader is informed that Marlow is a ‘wanderer’ and was ‘not typical’ contrary to stay–at-home–minded seamen.(3) He has no home, in a psychological sense of the word.  (4) He simply “follows the sea”.  (5) This may evoke an interpretation that the man is disturbed, that he attempts to find out about the secrets of his soul, to get to know himself. (6) Since boyhood he had been interested in unexplored lands and especially in a long winding snake-like river with the “head” in the sea and “tail” plunging deeply into the land, which, as Marlow admits, “charmed” him.  (7)  This image resembles a map of a journey from the dark lands of the soul, the unconstrained, uncivilized core, which may be called a Freudian Id, towards light, that is Superego.(8)  Marlow desires to follow this path in the opposite direction to explore the depths of himself.

The best way to describe the relationship of sentence 2 to sentence 1 is that sentence 2

Improving Paragraph

Direction for questions 1 to 6: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Dinosaurs and Man

(1) These reptiles were very different from animals we are familiar with and they went extinct millions of years ago. (2) Some seem almost like monsters.(3) They existed as proved by the fossil record.(4) The young-earth fascination with dinosaurs centers on ‘proving’ they existed with man, hence indicating their world is not ancient. (5) The next article discuses how the theory that a global flood deposited the fossil layers does not hold water.  (6) People who are familiar with paleontology or history realize that before the dinosaur fossil discoveries of the 1800s, no one had ever heard of the long lost reptiles.
(7) The first evidence comes from mythology. (8)  Yes, you read that right.  (9) Creationists have had a history through mythology, looking for references to dragons and another beasts – and another beasts - and even the Loch Ness monster – and pointing to these things as possible indicators of dinosaurs.  (10)  Only recently did many creationists start agreeing with their critics that using mythology does not help one’s scientific theories very will and some have stopped using these ‘proofs”.  (11)  Most have also abandoned using the “Loch Ness Monster” and similar frauds and urban legends as evidences. (12) As a sign of the poor dissemination of information in creationist circles, some still print these things as true. (13)  So what do young-earth creationists purport to be the evidence of dinosaurs living alongside man? (14) Even the long ago abandoned claim that human footprints were found alongside dinosaur prints in the Paluxy River bed in Texas is resurrected quite often.  (15) Both secular and Christian researchers (including many young – earthers ) have concluded these prints are not human, but dinosaur prints like the ones they are found with. (16) Some reasons that the “human” prints are not human: 1. Too far apart to be human: 2.  Most are too large: 3.  Many show claw marks, etc,; and 4.  Some of the “prints” are simply erosion patterns.

According to the context, which is the best revision that can be made to sentence 9 (reproduced below)?

Creationists have had a history through mythology, looking for references to dragons and another beasts – and another beasts - and even the Loch Ness monster – and pointing to these things as possible indicators of dinosaurs.

Improving Paragraph

Direction for questions 1 to 6: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Dinosaurs and Man

(1) These reptiles were very different from animals we are familiar with and they went extinct millions of years ago. (2) Some seem almost like monsters.(3) They existed as proved by the fossil record.(4) The young-earth fascination with dinosaurs centers on ‘proving’ they existed with man, hence indicating their world is not ancient. (5) The next article discuses how the theory that a global flood deposited the fossil layers does not hold water.  (6) People who are familiar with paleontology or history realize that before the dinosaur fossil discoveries of the 1800s, no one had ever heard of the long lost reptiles.
(7) The first evidence comes from mythology. (8)  Yes, you read that right.  (9) Creationists have had a history through mythology, looking for references to dragons and another beasts – and another beasts - and even the Loch Ness monster – and pointing to these things as possible indicators of dinosaurs.  (10)  Only recently did many creationists start agreeing with their critics that using mythology does not help one’s scientific theories very will and some have stopped using these ‘proofs”.  (11)  Most have also abandoned using the “Loch Ness Monster” and similar frauds and urban legends as evidences. (12) As a sign of the poor dissemination of information in creationist circles, some still print these things as true. (13)  So what do young-earth creationists purport to be the evidence of dinosaurs living alongside man? (14) Even the long ago abandoned claim that human footprints were found alongside dinosaur prints in the Paluxy River bed in Texas is resurrected quite often.  (15) Both secular and Christian researchers (including many young – earthers ) have concluded these prints are not human, but dinosaur prints like the ones they are found with. (16) Some reasons that the “human” prints are not human: 1. Too far apart to be human: 2.  Most are too large: 3.  Many show claw marks, etc,; and 4.  Some of the “prints” are simply erosion patterns.

In context, which of the following revisions is necessary in sentence 2 (reproduced below)?

Their method of writing was inefficient as much effort was being put into carving and preserving the tablet, while the end result contained little information relative to its size.

Direction for questions 19 to 24: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

My Laptop
(1)In the Stone Age, our ancestors used tablets to organize important thoughts, keep track of daily activities, and pass on their knowledge to future generations. (2) Their method of writing was inefficient as much effort was being put into carving and preserving the tablet, while the end result contained little information relative to its size. (3) As technologies evolve, we have refined our methods of writing and have come up with newer, cheaper, and more efficient ways to communicate. (4) Living in the age of information escalation, my most intimate experience with writing technologies comes from the use of my royal blue VAIO.

(5) In this essay, I will first describe how I have been shaped by my laptop, then provide nuanced detail about my use of it, and finally explain why my relationship with it is interesting.

(6) First, my laptop has shaped my style of living for the better. (7) Throughout my undergraduate years, I have taken the opportunity to travel and try many new things. (8) Specifically, I have participated in a few three to six month internship / cooperative education program in order to learn more about my own career aptitude. (9) During temporary relocations to Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, Los Angeles, and Taipei, my laptop has always accompanied me and provided great mobility to wherever destination. (10) In this, through the use of Outlook Express and AIM, my VAIO helped me communicate with colleagues during the day, and family and friends at night. (11) Beyond that, I believe the convenience of relocation that is implied in laptop ownership has vastly broadened my world views and has allowed me to become more independent as a young adult.

(12) Other than being a necessary traveling companion, my laptop has also become an integral part of my life while at school. (13) For instance, I use it to manage mutual fund investments, organize lecture notes and homework, read the news (I spend a lot of time at cnn.com), edit video clips, etc.

(14) I cannot live without my laptop, it's quite simple. (15) Throughout the years, I have become increasingly dependent on it for day-to-day activities such as corresponding with professors, keeping in touch with families, and friends, as well as organizing personal documents such as music, pictures, and the like. (16) I still make a habit of carrying it wherever I go, and probably spend more time with this so-called writing technology than any other object or person.(17) In the event of an emergency evacuation, it would definitely be the first thing I take and the last thing to let go.

In context, which of the following is the best revision of sentence 6 (reproduced below)?

Lady Macbeth was an integral part of the play’s most memorable character in the thematic web.

Direction for questions 13 to 18: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Macbeth
(1) Composed in late 1606 or early 1607, Macbeth is the last of Shakespeare's four great tragedies, the others being Hamlet, King Lear and Othello. (2) It is a relatively short play without a major subplot, and it is considered by many scholars to be Shakespeare’s darkest work. (3) Lear is an utter tragedy in which the natural world is amorally indifferent toward mankind, but in Macbeth, Shakespeare adds a supernatural dimension that purposively conspires against Macbeth and his kingdom. (4) In the tragedy of Lear, the distraught king summons the goddess of Chaos, Hecht, in Macbeth, Hecate appears as an actual character.

(5) Shakespeare's Scottish tragedy is about Macbeth's bloody rise to power, including the murder of the Scottish king, Duncan, and the guilt-ridden pathology of evil deeds generating still more evil deeds. (6) Lady Macbeth was an integral part of the play’s most memorable character in the thematic web. (7) Like her husband, Lady Macbeth's ambition for power leads her into an unnatural, phantasmagoric realm of witchcraft, insomnia and madness. (8) While Macbeth responds to the prophecies of the play's famous trio of witches, Lady Macbeth goes even further by figuratively transforming herself into an unnatural, desexualized evil spirit. (9) The current trend of critical opinion is toward an upward reevaluation of Lady Macbeth, who is said to be rehumanized by her insanity and her suicide. (10) Much of this reappraisal of Lady Macbeth has taken place in discussions of her ironically strong marriage to Macbeth. (11) A union that on unfolding of the tragedy undergoes disintegration rested on loving bonds.

In context, which of the following is the best revision of the underlined portion of sentence 2 (reproduced below)?

At the beginning of the novel, the reader is informed that Marlow is a ‘wanderer’ and was ‘not typical’ contrary to stay–at-home–minded seamen.

Direction for questions 7 to 12: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

 Spiritual Journey in Heart of Darkness

(1) Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad may be a narrative about colonization, revealing its drawbacks and corruption, it may also be understood as a journey into the depths of one’s psyche, if taken at a symbolic level.

(2) At the beginning of the novel, the reader is informed that Marlow is a ‘wanderer’ and was ‘not typical’ contrary to stay–at-home–minded seamen.(3) He has no home, in a psychological sense of the word.  (4) He simply “follows the sea”.  (5) This may evoke an interpretation that the man is disturbed, that he attempts to find out about the secrets of his soul, to get to know himself. (6) Since boyhood he had been interested in unexplored lands and especially in a long winding snake-like river with the “head” in the sea and “tail” plunging deeply into the land, which, as Marlow admits, “charmed” him.  (7)  This image resembles a map of a journey from the dark lands of the soul, the unconstrained, uncivilized core, which may be called a Freudian Id, towards light, that is Superego.(8)  Marlow desires to follow this path in the opposite direction to explore the depths of himself.

Which of the following is the best way to revise the underlined portion of sentence 10 (reproduced below)?

In this, through the use of Outlook Express and AIM, my VAIO helped me communicate with colleagues during the day, and family and friends at night.

Direction for questions 19 to 24: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

My Laptop
(1)In the Stone Age, our ancestors used tablets to organize important thoughts, keep track of daily activities, and pass on their knowledge to future generations. (2) Their method of writing was inefficient as much effort was being put into carving and preserving the tablet, while the end result contained little information relative to its size. (3) As technologies evolve, we have refined our methods of writing and have come up with newer, cheaper, and more efficient ways to communicate. (4) Living in the age of information escalation, my most intimate experience with writing technologies comes from the use of my royal blue VAIO.

(5) In this essay, I will first describe how I have been shaped by my laptop, then provide nuanced detail about my use of it, and finally explain why my relationship with it is interesting.

(6) First, my laptop has shaped my style of living for the better. (7) Throughout my undergraduate years, I have taken the opportunity to travel and try many new things. (8) Specifically, I have participated in a few three to six month internship / cooperative education program in order to learn more about my own career aptitude. (9) During temporary relocations to Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, Los Angeles, and Taipei, my laptop has always accompanied me and provided great mobility to wherever destination. (10) In this, through the use of Outlook Express and AIM, my VAIO helped me communicate with colleagues during the day, and family and friends at night. (11) Beyond that, I believe the convenience of relocation that is implied in laptop ownership has vastly broadened my world views and has allowed me to become more independent as a young adult.

(12) Other than being a necessary traveling companion, my laptop has also become an integral part of my life while at school. (13) For instance, I use it to manage mutual fund investments, organize lecture notes and homework, read the news (I spend a lot of time at cnn.com), edit video clips, etc.

(14) I cannot live without my laptop, it's quite simple. (15) Throughout the years, I have become increasingly dependent on it for day-to-day activities such as corresponding with professors, keeping in touch with families, and friends, as well as organizing personal documents such as music, pictures, and the like. (16) I still make a habit of carrying it wherever I go, and probably spend more time with this so-called writing technology than any other object or person.(17) In the event of an emergency evacuation, it would definitely be the first thing I take and the last thing to let go.

In context, which of the following revisions is necessary in sentence 4(reproduced below)?

In the tragedy of Lear, the distraught king summons the goddess of Chaos, Hecht, in Macbeth, Hecate appears as an actual character.

Direction for questions 13 to 18: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Macbeth
(1) Composed in late 1606 or early 1607, Macbeth is the last of Shakespeare's four great tragedies, the others being Hamlet, King Lear and Othello. (2) It is a relatively short play without a major subplot, and it is considered by many scholars to be Shakespeare’s darkest work. (3) Lear is an utter tragedy in which the natural world is amorally indifferent toward mankind, but in Macbeth, Shakespeare adds a supernatural dimension that purposively conspires against Macbeth and his kingdom. (4) In the tragedy of Lear, the distraught king summons the goddess of Chaos, Hecht, in Macbeth, Hecate appears as an actual character.

(5) Shakespeare's Scottish tragedy is about Macbeth's bloody rise to power, including the murder of the Scottish king, Duncan, and the guilt-ridden pathology of evil deeds generating still more evil deeds. (6) Lady Macbeth was an integral part of the play’s most memorable character in the thematic web. (7) Like her husband, Lady Macbeth's ambition for power leads her into an unnatural, phantasmagoric realm of witchcraft, insomnia and madness. (8) While Macbeth responds to the prophecies of the play's famous trio of witches, Lady Macbeth goes even further by figuratively transforming herself into an unnatural, desexualized evil spirit. (9) The current trend of critical opinion is toward an upward reevaluation of Lady Macbeth, who is said to be rehumanized by her insanity and her suicide. (10) Much of this reappraisal of Lady Macbeth has taken place in discussions of her ironically strong marriage to Macbeth. (11) A union that on unfolding of the tragedy undergoes disintegration rested on loving bonds.

Which of the following is the best way to revise the underlined portion of sentence 11 (reproduced below)?

Beyond that, I believe the convenience of relocation that is implied in laptop ownership has vastly broadened my world views and has allowed me to become more independent as a young adult.

Direction for questions 19 to 24: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

My Laptop
(1)In the Stone Age, our ancestors used tablets to organize important thoughts, keep track of daily activities, and pass on their knowledge to future generations. (2) Their method of writing was inefficient as much effort was being put into carving and preserving the tablet, while the end result contained little information relative to its size. (3) As technologies evolve, we have refined our methods of writing and have come up with newer, cheaper, and more efficient ways to communicate. (4) Living in the age of information escalation, my most intimate experience with writing technologies comes from the use of my royal blue VAIO.

(5) In this essay, I will first describe how I have been shaped by my laptop, then provide nuanced detail about my use of it, and finally explain why my relationship with it is interesting.

(6) First, my laptop has shaped my style of living for the better. (7) Throughout my undergraduate years, I have taken the opportunity to travel and try many new things. (8) Specifically, I have participated in a few three to six month internship / cooperative education program in order to learn more about my own career aptitude. (9) During temporary relocations to Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, Los Angeles, and Taipei, my laptop has always accompanied me and provided great mobility to wherever destination. (10) In this, through the use of Outlook Express and AIM, my VAIO helped me communicate with colleagues during the day, and family and friends at night. (11) Beyond that, I believe the convenience of relocation that is implied in laptop ownership has vastly broadened my world views and has allowed me to become more independent as a young adult.

(12) Other than being a necessary traveling companion, my laptop has also become an integral part of my life while at school. (13) For instance, I use it to manage mutual fund investments, organize lecture notes and homework, read the news (I spend a lot of time at cnn.com), edit video clips, etc.

(14) I cannot live without my laptop, it's quite simple. (15) Throughout the years, I have become increasingly dependent on it for day-to-day activities such as corresponding with professors, keeping in touch with families, and friends, as well as organizing personal documents such as music, pictures, and the like. (16) I still make a habit of carrying it wherever I go, and probably spend more time with this so-called writing technology than any other object or person.(17) In the event of an emergency evacuation, it would definitely be the first thing I take and the last thing to let go.

In context, which of the following revisions is necessary in sentence 8?

Direction for questions 13 to 18: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Macbeth
(1) Composed in late 1606 or early 1607, Macbeth is the last of Shakespeare's four great tragedies, the others being Hamlet, King Lear and Othello. (2) It is a relatively short play without a major subplot, and it is considered by many scholars to be Shakespeare’s darkest work. (3) Lear is an utter tragedy in which the natural world is amorally indifferent toward mankind, but in Macbeth, Shakespeare adds a supernatural dimension that purposively conspires against Macbeth and his kingdom. (4) In the tragedy of Lear, the distraught king summons the goddess of Chaos, Hecht, in Macbeth, Hecate appears as an actual character.

(5) Shakespeare's Scottish tragedy is about Macbeth's bloody rise to power, including the murder of the Scottish king, Duncan, and the guilt-ridden pathology of evil deeds generating still more evil deeds. (6) Lady Macbeth was an integral part of the play’s most memorable character in the thematic web. (7) Like her husband, Lady Macbeth's ambition for power leads her into an unnatural, phantasmagoric realm of witchcraft, insomnia and madness. (8) While Macbeth responds to the prophecies of the play's famous trio of witches, Lady Macbeth goes even further by figuratively transforming herself into an unnatural, desexualized evil spirit. (9) The current trend of critical opinion is toward an upward reevaluation of Lady Macbeth, who is said to be rehumanized by her insanity and her suicide. (10) Much of this reappraisal of Lady Macbeth has taken place in discussions of her ironically strong marriage to Macbeth. (11) A union that on unfolding of the tragedy undergoes disintegration rested on loving bonds.

Which of the following phrases is the best that can be inserted at the beginning of sentence 5?

Direction for questions 13 to 18: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Macbeth
(1) Composed in late 1606 or early 1607, Macbeth is the last of Shakespeare's four great tragedies, the others being Hamlet, King Lear and Othello. (2) It is a relatively short play without a major subplot, and it is considered by many scholars to be Shakespeare’s darkest work. (3) Lear is an utter tragedy in which the natural world is amorally indifferent toward mankind, but in Macbeth, Shakespeare adds a supernatural dimension that purposively conspires against Macbeth and his kingdom. (4) In the tragedy of Lear, the distraught king summons the goddess of Chaos, Hecht, in Macbeth, Hecate appears as an actual character.

(5) Shakespeare's Scottish tragedy is about Macbeth's bloody rise to power, including the murder of the Scottish king, Duncan, and the guilt-ridden pathology of evil deeds generating still more evil deeds. (6) Lady Macbeth was an integral part of the play’s most memorable character in the thematic web. (7) Like her husband, Lady Macbeth's ambition for power leads her into an unnatural, phantasmagoric realm of witchcraft, insomnia and madness. (8) While Macbeth responds to the prophecies of the play's famous trio of witches, Lady Macbeth goes even further by figuratively transforming herself into an unnatural, desexualized evil spirit. (9) The current trend of critical opinion is toward an upward reevaluation of Lady Macbeth, who is said to be rehumanized by her insanity and her suicide. (10) Much of this reappraisal of Lady Macbeth has taken place in discussions of her ironically strong marriage to Macbeth. (11) A union that on unfolding of the tragedy undergoes disintegration rested on loving bonds.

Which word could best replace ‘escalation’ in sentence 4?

Direction for questions 19 to 24: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

My Laptop
(1)In the Stone Age, our ancestors used tablets to organize important thoughts, keep track of daily activities, and pass on their knowledge to future generations. (2) Their method of writing was inefficient as much effort was being put into carving and preserving the tablet, while the end result contained little information relative to its size. (3) As technologies evolve, we have refined our methods of writing and have come up with newer, cheaper, and more efficient ways to communicate. (4) Living in the age of information escalation, my most intimate experience with writing technologies comes from the use of my royal blue VAIO.

(5) In this essay, I will first describe how I have been shaped by my laptop, then provide nuanced detail about my use of it, and finally explain why my relationship with it is interesting.

(6) First, my laptop has shaped my style of living for the better. (7) Throughout my undergraduate years, I have taken the opportunity to travel and try many new things. (8) Specifically, I have participated in a few three to six month internship / cooperative education program in order to learn more about my own career aptitude. (9) During temporary relocations to Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, Los Angeles, and Taipei, my laptop has always accompanied me and provided great mobility to wherever destination. (10) In this, through the use of Outlook Express and AIM, my VAIO helped me communicate with colleagues during the day, and family and friends at night. (11) Beyond that, I believe the convenience of relocation that is implied in laptop ownership has vastly broadened my world views and has allowed me to become more independent as a young adult.

(12) Other than being a necessary traveling companion, my laptop has also become an integral part of my life while at school. (13) For instance, I use it to manage mutual fund investments, organize lecture notes and homework, read the news (I spend a lot of time at cnn.com), edit video clips, etc.

(14) I cannot live without my laptop, it's quite simple. (15) Throughout the years, I have become increasingly dependent on it for day-to-day activities such as corresponding with professors, keeping in touch with families, and friends, as well as organizing personal documents such as music, pictures, and the like. (16) I still make a habit of carrying it wherever I go, and probably spend more time with this so-called writing technology than any other object or person.(17) In the event of an emergency evacuation, it would definitely be the first thing I take and the last thing to let go.

In context, which of the following is the best way to revise and combine the underlined portions of sentences 10 and 11 (reproduced below)?

Much of this reappraisal of Lady Macbeth has taken place in discussions of her ironically strong marriage to Macbeth. A union that on unfolding of the tragedy undergoes disintegration rested on loving bonds.

Direction for questions 13 to 18: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Macbeth
(1) Composed in late 1606 or early 1607, Macbeth is the last of Shakespeare's four great tragedies, the others being Hamlet, King Lear and Othello. (2) It is a relatively short play without a major subplot, and it is considered by many scholars to be Shakespeare’s darkest work. (3) Lear is an utter tragedy in which the natural world is amorally indifferent toward mankind, but in Macbeth, Shakespeare adds a supernatural dimension that purposively conspires against Macbeth and his kingdom. (4) In the tragedy of Lear, the distraught king summons the goddess of Chaos, Hecht, in Macbeth, Hecate appears as an actual character.

(5) Shakespeare's Scottish tragedy is about Macbeth's bloody rise to power, including the murder of the Scottish king, Duncan, and the guilt-ridden pathology of evil deeds generating still more evil deeds. (6) Lady Macbeth was an integral part of the play’s most memorable character in the thematic web. (7) Like her husband, Lady Macbeth's ambition for power leads her into an unnatural, phantasmagoric realm of witchcraft, insomnia and madness. (8) While Macbeth responds to the prophecies of the play's famous trio of witches, Lady Macbeth goes even further by figuratively transforming herself into an unnatural, desexualized evil spirit. (9) The current trend of critical opinion is toward an upward reevaluation of Lady Macbeth, who is said to be rehumanized by her insanity and her suicide. (10) Much of this reappraisal of Lady Macbeth has taken place in discussions of her ironically strong marriage to Macbeth. (11) A union that on unfolding of the tragedy undergoes disintegration rested on loving bonds.

Which of the following is the best way to conclude the passage?

Direction for questions 19 to 24: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answers for the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask you to consider organization and development. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

My Laptop
(1)In the Stone Age, our ancestors used tablets to organize important thoughts, keep track of daily activities, and pass on their knowledge to future generations. (2) Their method of writing was inefficient as much effort was being put into carving and preserving the tablet, while the end result contained little information relative to its size. (3) As technologies evolve, we have refined our methods of writing and have come up with newer, cheaper, and more efficient ways to communicate. (4) Living in the age of information escalation, my most intimate experience with writing technologies comes from the use of my royal blue VAIO.

(5) In this essay, I will first describe how I have been shaped by my laptop, then provide nuanced detail about my use of it, and finally explain why my relationship with it is interesting.

(6) First, my laptop has shaped my style of living for the better. (7) Throughout my undergraduate years, I have taken the opportunity to travel and try many new things. (8) Specifically, I have participated in a few three to six month internship / cooperative education program in order to learn more about my own career aptitude. (9) During temporary relocations to Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, Los Angeles, and Taipei, my laptop has always accompanied me and provided great mobility to wherever destination. (10) In this, through the use of Outlook Express and AIM, my VAIO helped me communicate with colleagues during the day, and family and friends at night. (11) Beyond that, I believe the convenience of relocation that is implied in laptop ownership has vastly broadened my world views and has allowed me to become more independent as a young adult.

(12) Other than being a necessary traveling companion, my laptop has also become an integral part of my life while at school. (13) For instance, I use it to manage mutual fund investments, organize lecture notes and homework, read the news (I spend a lot of time at cnn.com), edit video clips, etc.

(14) I cannot live without my laptop, it's quite simple. (15) Throughout the years, I have become increasingly dependent on it for day-to-day activities such as corresponding with professors, keeping in touch with families, and friends, as well as organizing personal documents such as music, pictures, and the like. (16) I still make a habit of carrying it wherever I go, and probably spend more time with this so-called writing technology than any other object or person.(17) In the event of an emergency evacuation, it would definitely be the first thing I take and the last thing to let go.