• Physiology of Animal and Human
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Physiology of Animal and Human

Description: respiratory system.
Number of Questions: 20
Created by:
Tags: respiratory system Structure of Respiratory System Human Respiratory System Anatomy Transport of Oxygen Transport of Gases Respiratory Center Regulation of Respiration by Nervous System Breathing and Pulmonary Ventilation Mechanism Of Breathing Respiration in Human Breathing and Exchange of Gases
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Number of red blood cells per unit volume of blood is likely to be higher in a person living at higher altitudes because at higher altitudes

  1. air is clean and unpolluted

  2. more sunlight is available

  3. air is less dense

  4. vegetation gives out more oxygen

  5. people need more oxygen

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Air pressure gets reduced at height which  increases  the RBC production.

What is the tidal volume in human beings?

  1. 1200 ml

  2. 500 ml

  3. 3000 ml

  4. 1100 ml

  5. 2300 ml

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

It is the tidal volume.

Carbonic anhydrase is found in __________.

  1. leucocytes

  2. lymphocytes

  3. blood plasma

  4. erythrocytes

  5. platelets

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Red blod cells contains carbonic anhydrase enzyme which brings the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and hydrogen ions(or vice versa), a reversible reaction  that occurs rather slowly in the absence of a catalyst.

What is supposed to happen, if a person stays on Mount Everest for some days?

  1. Production of red blood cells will decrease in his body.

  2. Production of red blood cells will increase in his body.

  3. Number of red blood cells will not change.

  4. Size of his red blood cells will increase.

  5. Size of his red blood cells will decrease.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Due to great height one respires thin air, getting lesser amounts of oxygen. That is why production of red blood cells increases to increase the amount of hemoglobin present in the cells.

Name the part, where gaseous exchange in lungs of mammals takes place.

  1. Tracheoles

  2. Alveoli

  3. Bronchi

  4. Bronchioles

  5. Pulmonary chambers

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

These are the final branchings of the respiratory tree and act as the primary gas exchange units of the lung.

Thyroid cartilage is found in _________.

  1. larynx

  2. pharynx

  3. nose

  4. ear pinna

  5. lungs

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Thyroid cartilage is the largest of the nine cartilages that make up the laryngeal skeleton, the cartilage structure in and around the trachea that contains the larynx.

Breathing is controlled by ___________.

  1. lungs

  2. trachea

  3. medulla

  4. intercostal muscles

  5. hypothalamus

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Breathing is controlled by the lower part of the brain stem located in medulla oblongata.

Which one of the following statements is correct?

  1. All animals require a medium for cellular respiration.

  2. In all the animals, oxygen is transported by haemoglobin of the blood.

  3. All animals take oxygen from water or air through gills or lungs only.

  4. All animals need oxygen for respiration.

  5. Alveoli of lungs have columnar epithelium.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Exchange of gases requires a definite medium. For eg.,  in mammals exchange of gases takes place in alveoli of lungs.

What is the covering of the lungs called?

  1. Pericardium

  2. Perichondrium

  3. Peritoneum

  4. Pleural membrane

  5. Epicardium

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The lungs are surrounded by two membranes known as  pleurae.

Controlling centre of normal breathing in mammals lies in ____________.

  1. cerebrum

  2. cerebellum

  3. vagus nerves

  4. mid brain

  5. medulla oblongata

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

It is a portion of the hindbrain that controls autonomic functions such as breathing, digestion and heart rate.

Volume of air inspired and expired in each breathe in normal respiration by man is called ________.

  1. total lung capacity

  2. tidal volume

  3. residual volume

  4. inspiratory capacity

  5. vital capacity

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This is the volume of air inspired and expired involuantarily in each normal breath.

Which of the following biomolecules has the respiratory quotient value of 1?

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Proteins

  3. Ketones

  4. Tartaric acid

  5. Oxalic acid

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

RQ of carbohydrates is 1. RQ is the ratio of the  rate of carbon dioxide produced to the rate of oxygen taken.

If a person living at sea level, migrates to about 8000 feet high hill, then his blood after about 15 days will ___________.

  1. increase in the volume

  2. have lesser number of white blood cells

  3. have more plasma

  4. have greater number of red blood cells

  5. have lower hemoglobin concentration

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This will obviously increase the quantity of hemoglobin.

Which of these structure are associated with vocal cords?

  1. Larynx

  2. Pharynx

  3. Glottis

  4. Epiglottis

  5. Bronchial tube

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

It is a special part of the body that functions as an airway to the lungs as well as providing us with a way of communication.

Faster breathing in high fever condition is due to ___________.

  1. additional requirement of oxygen for invading germs

  2. high temperature of the body

  3. mental worries of the patient

  4. loss of appetite

  5. increase in carbon dioxide concentration

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Rate of respiration thus breathing increases with the increase in the temperature.

When man inhales air containing normal concentration of oxygen mixed with carbon monoxide, he feels suffocated because __________.

  1. carbon monoxide reacts with oxygen reducing percentage of oxygen in the air

  2. hemoglobin combines with carbon monoxide and the product cannot dissociate

  3. carbon monoxide affects the nerves of the lungs

  4. carbon monoxide affects the movement of diaphragm

  5. carbon monoxide affects the intercostal muscles

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In comparison to oxygen ,carbon monoxide combines more readily with hemoglobin (about 250 times more) and thus person suffers from suffocation due to lack of oxygen.

In which form is carbon dioxide mainly carried in the blood?

  1. Bicarbonate ions

  2. Carbaminohemoglobin

  3. In dissolved state

  4. Carbonic acid

  5. Sodium carbonate

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

About 70% of the carbon dioxide is transferred in this way. Bicarbonate ions are formed by the dissociation of carbonic acid which is formed by the union of carbon dioxide and water in the presence of carbonic anhydrase enzyme.

During inspiration, the diaphragm ____________.

  1. relaxes and becomes dome shaped

  2. contracts and flattens

  3. expands and flattens

  4. shows no change

  5. looses its control

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This happens in inspiration to accommodate maximum amount of air in the lungs.

In mammals, carbon dioxide is transported from tissues to respiratory surface by __________.

  1. RBCs only

  2. RBCs and WBCs together

  3. plasma and RBCs

  4. plasma only

  5. platelets

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This is the correct option.

Which of the following gases forms the most stable product with hemoglobin?

  1. Carbon dioxide

  2. Oxygen

  3. Carbon monoxide

  4. Ozone

  5. Sulfur dioxide

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Hemoglobin combines with carbon monoxide about 250 times more readily than oxygen.Hence this is the most stable relationship.

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