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The Fundamental Unit of Life (Class IX)

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Ameoba acquires its food through the process of

  1. osmosis

  2. diffusion

  3. exocytosis

  4. endocytosis

  5. photosynthesis


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct answer. The process of cellular ingestion by which the plasma membrane folds inward to bring substances into the cell is called endocytosis. Amoeba acquires its food through the process of endocytosis.

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Plasma membrane is the outermost covering of a plant cell.

  2. Plasma membrane allows only selected materials to move in and out of the cell.

  3. Plasma membrane is living.

  4. The movement of water across the plasma membrane is called osmosis.

  5. The plasma membrane is flexible.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This statement is incorrect. Thus, it is the correct answer. Plasma membrane is the outermost covering of an animal cell. Cell wall is the outermost covering of a plant cell.

Which of the following statements about eukaryotic cells is/are correct?

a. Eukaryotic cells are generally large. b. Nucleolus is present in eukaryotes. c. Cell division in eukaryotic cells takes place by fission or budding.

  1. a only

  2. b only

  3. c only

  4. a and b

  5. a, b and c


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct answer as both the statements are correct.

Which of the following statements is/are correct about a nucleus?

a. A nucleus has a double layered covering called nuclear membrane. b. A nucleus contains chromosomes. c. A nucleus plays a central role in cellular nutrition.

  1. a, b and c

  2. a and b

  3. a and c

  4. b and c

  5. b only


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This is the correct answer as both the statements are correct. A nucleus has a double layered covering called nuclear membrane. A nucleus contains chromosomes. These chromosomes are visible as rod-shaped structures, only when the cell is about to divide.

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?

a. Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles. b. Prokaryotes contain a single chromosome. c. Onion peel cell is a prokaryotic cell.

  1. a, b and c

  2. a and b

  3. a only

  4. b only

  5. c only


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct answer as this statement is incorrect. Onion peel cell is a eukaryotic cell.

Which of the following statements about cytoplasm is incorrect?

  1. It is the fluid content inside the plasma membrane.

  2. It contains many specialised cell organelles.

  3. It is the site of many biochemical reactions.

  4. It has its own genetic material.

  5. It gives the cell its volume and shape.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct answer as the cytoplasm does not have its own genetic material.

Match the following:

 
Column I Column II
a. Robert Brown 1. Observed free cells for the first time
b. Robert Hooke 2. Gave the term protoplasm
c. Leuwehoek 3. Discovered cell in a cork slice
d. J. E. Purkinje 4. Discovered the nucleus in the cell
  1. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3, d - 4

  2. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1, d - 4

  3. a - 3, b - 1, c - 4, d - 2

  4. a - 4, b - 3, c - 1, d - 2

  5. a - 3, b - 4, c - 2, d - 1


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct matching. Robert Brown discovered the nucleus in the cell. Robert Hooke discovered cell in a cork slice with the help of a self-designed microscope. Leuwehoek observed free cells like bacteria for the first time. J. E. Purkinje gave the term protoplasm.

Which of the following cell organelles are rich in digestive enzymes?

  1. Ribosomes

  2. Mitichondria

  3. Chloroplasts

  4. Lysosomes

  5. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct answer.

Which of the following organelles serve as a channel for the transport of materials between the cytoplasm and the nucleus?

  1. Lysosomes

  2. Cytoplasms

  3. Golgi apparatus

  4. Mitochondria

  5. Endoplasmic reticulum


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct answer. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large network of membrane-bound tubes and sheets. ER serves as a channel for the transport of materials (especially proteins) between various regions of the cytoplasm or between the cytoplasm and the nucleus.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. All cells come from pre-existing cells. b. Each living cell can change shape. c. A cell is able to live and perform all its functions due to the presence of organelles.

  1. a only

  2. b only

  3. c only

  4. a and c

  5. a, b and c


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct answer as both the statements are correct.

Which of the following pairs is/are correct?

a. Mitochondria - powerhouse of the cell b. Vacuole - suicidal bags of the cell c. RNA - energy currency of the cell

  1. a, b and c

  2. a and b

  3. a and c

  4. b and c

  5. a only


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct answer as a is the correct pair. The mitochondria is called the powerhouse of the cell because it is responsible for producing most of the cell's energy or adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP).

Which of the following statements is/are correct about the Golgi apparatus?

a. It consists of a system of membrane-bound vesicles arranged in sacs called vacuoles. b. It is involved in the formation of lysosomes. c. It is involved in storage, modification and packaging of products in vesicles.

  1. a only

  2. b only

  3. c only

  4. a and b

  5. b and c


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct answer as statements b and c are correct.

Organelles are membrane-enclosed structures that are found within the cells and each with a particular function. Some organelles possess their own genes. Which of the following organelles have their own DNA?

a. Lysosomes b. Mitochondria c. Plastids d. Cytoplasms

  1. a, b, c and d

  2. a, b and c

  3. a, b and d

  4. a and d

  5. b and c


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct answer. Mitochondria possess their own DNA and carry out some of their own protein synthesis. Chloroplasts are organelles that are found within the cells of plants and algae. Chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll and are responsible for carrying out photosynthesis and contain their own DNA.

Which of the following statements are correct about the cell theory as presented by Schleiden and Schwann?

a. All plants and animals are composed of cells. b. A cell is the basic unit of life. c. All cells arise from pre-existing cells. Many cells group together in a single body and assume different functions in it to form various body parts.

  1. a and b

  2. a, b and c

  3. a, b, c and d

  4. b, c and d

  5. a, c and d


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This is the correct answer as the cell theory as presented by Schleiden and Schwann points out that all plants and animals are composed of cells and that cell is the basic unit of life.

Which of the following is not a unicellular organism?

  1. Paramecium

  2. Diatom

  3. Amoeba

  4. Spirogyra

  5. Plasmodium


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct answer as a spirogyra is a multicellular organism that is also a plant-like protist.

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