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Description: PRACTICE QUESTIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPTS OF WATER AS IT OCCURS ON EARTH
Number of Questions: 20
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Tags: WATER VAPOUR CLOUDS HAIL DEW EVAPORATION CONDENSATION FLOODS DRAUGHTS FAMINE Water Concept of Speed Interpretation of Distance-Time Graph Unit of Speed, Distance and Time Calculation of Speed from Distance time Formula Concept of Time Interpretation of Distance Time Graph
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In direct sunlight, water in a steel saucer evaporates faster than water in a glass tumbler. Why?

  1. Water in saucer is heated faster.

  2. Rate of evaporation depends on the surface area of the liquid.

  3. Steel enhances the rate of evaporation while glass is an inert material.

  4. Saucer allows all the water molecules to escape whereas a tumbler holds back some of the vapour from escaping.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Evaporation occurs at the surface of a liquid. So larger the surface area, higher is the rate of evaporation. 

Which of the following is the reverse of evaporation?

  1. Deposition

  2. Sublimation

  3. Vaporization

  4. Condensation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Condensation is the reverse of evaporation.  

In which of the following conditions will the rate of evaporation arrested to the maximum extent when water in a saucer is left exposed to direct sunlight for two days?

  1. When a pinch of salt is mixed in the water.

  2. When a pinch of sugar is mixed in the water.

  3. When two spoons of oil are added to the water.

  4. When water in the saucer is stirred with a spoon continuously for five to six minutes every hour.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Evaporation happens faster when there is less exertion or shielding on the surface of the liquid. Oil forms a thin immiscible film on the water surface. Hence, rate of evaporation will be largely arrested. 

Consider saucer A containing seawater, saucer B containing river water and saucer C containing processed drinking water poured from a packaged pouch. What will happen when all three of them are kept exposed to direct sunlight for two days provided that the amount of water in each of the saucers is the same?

  1. All three water samples will evaporate at the same time.

  2. Rate of evaporation will be the highest in drinking water followed by river water and least in the seawater.

  3. Rate of evaporation will be the highest in seawater followed by river water and least in the drinking water.

  4. Seawater and river water will evaporate, but the drinking water will remain as it is.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Rate of evaporation decreases with increase in density of the evaporating liquid. Density of seawater > river water > drinking water Therefore, seawater evaporates at a lower rate. 

Which of the following best explains the word ‘cloud’?

  1. Densely accumulated mixture of gases in the atmosphere

  2. Visible mass of liquid droplets suspended in the atmosphere

  3. Suspended particles in air assemble together to form a white or black mass

  4. Gathering of various chemicals in air at one place for reacting with each other and releasing water

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cloud is the visible mass of liquid droplets made of water and various chemicals suspended in the atmosphere above the surface of a planetary body. 

Why do clouds in the rainy season appear black?

  1. Because rain clouds are full of black dirt particles.

  2. Because sunlight is very dim in the rainy season.

  3. Because rain clouds are dense and opaque.

  4. Because atmosphere is not clear in the rainy season.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Clouds in the rainy season are dense, full of vapour and dust particles. Light cannot pass through these particles. In fact, light projects down from their edges. Hence, the clouds appear black. 

Why condensation on a glass window is an unwanted phenomenon?

  1. It causes fungal diseases.

  2. It interferes with clear view from the window.

  3. It changes the room temperature significantly.

  4. It affects the glamorous look of the interior.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Condensation is undesirable on windows mainly because it is one of the major causes of respiratory infections by fungi. 

Which of the following is the consequence of drought?

  1. Erosion and dust storms

  2. Rapid snow melting

  3. Overflowing sewerages and canals

  4. Damp soils

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In areas affected by drought, dust bowls are created due to erosion. This is followed by dust storms and desertification. 

Which of the following benefits is derived from freshwater floods?

  1. Air purification

  2. Enhanced greenery

  3. Improved fisheries

  4. Decrease in water impurities

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Freshwater floods add nutrients to lakes and rivers. This leads to improved fisheries for a couple of years. 

In which of the following processes is the principle of condensation used in the laboratory?

  1. Dehydration

  2. Hydrolysis

  3. Precipitation

  4. Distillation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In the process of distillation, liquid is evaporated and the vapour is cooled on a surface (condensed). 

Levees, bunds, and reservoirs help in the management of

  1. floods

  2. droughts

  3. snow storms

  4. earthquakes

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Levees, bunds and reservoirs prevent river water from bursting into the residential areas in cases of overflow (floods).

Unexpected crop failure or natural calamities cause acute scarcity of food. What is the name given to this scarcity?

  1. Drought

  2. Famine

  3. Blizzard

  4. Avalanche

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Famine is the widespread scarcity of food caused due to unexpected crop failure or natural calamities such as floods and droughts. 

Which of the following is a source of groundwater?

  1. Rain water that seeps deep into the ground forms groundwater.

  2. Surface snow melts in the summer and finds its way to underground areas.

  3. Hail that settles on the top of mountain melts down at times due to rise in temperature, and seeps deep into underground areas.

  4. Excess water that leaks from plant roots seeps into underground areas and forms ground water.

  5. Volcanic eruptions lead to burial of rivers and ponds, thus forming groundwater.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Study of water is hydrology. Meteorology is the study of atmosphere, geology is the study of solid earth and pedology is the study of soil. 

In a typical water cycle, water goes through which of the following phases?

  1. Solid and gas

  2. Liquid and gas

  3. Solid, liquid and gas

  4. Solid and liquid

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Water undergoes all three phases, viz. solid, liquid, and gas in a typical hydrological water cycle.

Which of the following is associated with drought?

  1. Marsh area

  2. Xeric area

  3. Swamp area

  4. Humid area

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Arid or xeric areas are deficit of rainfall. They are prone to droughts. 

What affect does hurricane and earthquakes have on the environment?

  1. Uncontrolled floods

  2. Famines

  3. Avalanches

  4. Tornadoes

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hurricanes and earthquakes in coastal regions can give rise to severe floods.

Why dew drops are formed on the outer surface of a glass of chilled water?

  1. Molecules of water pass through the minute pores of the glass and deposit on its surface due to the low temperature.

  2. Cold water droplets spill over the surface of the glass at the time of filling.

  3. Glass reacts with chilled water and expels water molecules out of it.

  4. The vapour in air condenses on the cool surface of the glass resulting in fine dew drops.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

When moist air comes in contact with the cooler surface, the vapourised form of water condenses. Thus dew drops are formed. 

Which of the following produces water vapour?

  1. Refrigeration of water

  2. Bursting of a balloon

  3. Sublimation of ice

  4. Spraying perfume on a fabric

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Vapour is the gaseous phase of water. The major sources of vapour are boiling, evaporation, and sublimation. 

Why does water in a glass plate evaporate much earlier than the same amount of water in a glass tumbler when exposed to sunlight?

  1. The water in the plate loses weight when exposed to direct sunlight, whereas the water in the tumbler does not lose weight.

  2. The water in a plate gets exposed to more of warm air.

  3. The water in the plate gets exposed to more of direct sun rays.

  4. The plate gets heated in the sun and in turn heats up the water in it leading to evaporation.

  5. The water in the plate gains more dust and dirt particles that enhance the rate of evaporation.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Most thunderstorms are accompanied by downpour of irregular lumps of ice called hail. 

Which of the following can be demonstrated when a burner is placed at one side of a glass tumbler of water?

  1. Advection

  2. Convection

  3. Conduction

  4. Diffusion

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

It is the collective movement of molecules within fluids or gases. When a burner is placed at one side of a tumbler full of water, the different levels of heat can be felt in the tumbler. This explains convection. 

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