Neurospora crassa is a red bread mold. It is used as a model organism because it is convenient to grow and has a haploid life cycle that makes genetic analysis easier since recessive traits will come in the progenies.

Archibald Garrod is known as 'Father of human genetics' for describing that the inborn errors of metabolism are governed by genes and are inherited in a Mendelian pattern.

Alexander Wiener was an outstanding leader in the fields of forensic medicine, serology, and immunogenetics. His pioneer work led to discovery of the Rh factor in 1937. Since the progeny could inherit A or O alleles from one parent and B or O alleles from the other, you could be any of the 4 ABO types. Look at the other answers to see how this could be true.

Since, type O blood normally lacks both A and B antigens, it will not be recognized as an alien type by the blood of anyone. As a result, anyone usually can be transfused with O blood without concern about rejection for this blood group.

Yes, it is correct as each gene carries information about a particular trait of an organism, e.g. skin colour, colour of eyes, etc.

It is the process through which the larvae develop to form the adult.

It can exist independently as plasmid or can integrate into the main chromosome and can replicate as a part of it.

Zygote is formed when a female egg is fertilised. It is the first stage of a new living individual. It is also considered as the beginning of a new individual.

Sperm is the male gamete. It has a tail, a middle piece and a head.

A disorder which leads to mental retardation due to inborn error in metabolism is phenylketonuria.

Sperms have one X and one Y chromosome. The sperm carrying X chromosome when fused with an ovum forms a female child. The sperm carrying Y chromosome when fused with an ovum forms a male child.

Before Tjio, who discovered that the human cell has 46 chromosomes, scientists thought that the human chromosome number is 48.

Such animals give birth directly to young ones. Eg - Humans and cows.

Twins of this type are mostly genetically identical. Subsequently, they are also called identical twins in contrast to fraternal or dizygotic twins, which come from two separate eggs fertilised by different sperms.

Haemophilia or bleeder’s disease is a genetically inherited trait.  Mutation, which happens only in the germ cells (gametes), is inherited.