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Biomolecules (Class - XI)

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Which of the following classes of compounds have their molecular weights not exceeding 800 daltons?

  1. Proteins

  2. Nucleic acids

  3. Polysaccharides

  4. Lipids

  5. None of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option as lipids have their molecular weights not exceeding 800 daltons. Lipids come under macromolecular fraction.

Which of the following elements is found in negligible percentage of the weight of the human body?

  1. Nitrogen

  2. Carbon

  3. Silicon

  4. Hydrogen

  5. Calcium


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This is the correct option as silicon is found in negligible percentage of the weight of the human body.

Proteins are linear chains of amino acids. Which of the following proteins enables glucose transport into the cells?

  1. Collagen

  2. GLUT-4

  3. Trypsin

  4. Insulin

  5. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This is the correct option. The function of GLUT-4 is to enable glucose transport into the cells.

Alkaloids are called secondary metabolites. Which of the following is an alkaloid?

  1. Lemon grass oil

  2. Diterpene

  3. Cellilose

  4. Ricin

  5. Codeine


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct option.

Match the following:

 
a. Acidic amino acid 1. Lysine
b. Basic amino acid 2. Valine
c. Neutral amino acid 3. Glutamic acid
  1. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2

  2. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  3. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  4. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2

  5. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This is the correct option. 

Arthropods exoskeletons have a complex polysaccharide. Which of the following is that polysaccharide?

  1. Glucosamine

  2. N-acetyl galactosamine

  3. Cellulose

  4. Inulin

  5. Chitin


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Exoskeletons of arthropods have a complex polysaccharide called chitin.

Which of the following is/are not example(s) of metabolic transformations?

a. Removal of CO2 from amino acids making an amino acid into an amide. b. Removal of amino group in a nucleotide base. c. Hydrolysis of a glycosidic bond in a disaccharide.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This is the correct option as this is not an example of metabolic transformations. 

Which of the following is not an example of nucleotides?

  1. Adenylic acid

  2. Thymidylic acid

  3. Guanylic acid

  4. Cytidine

  5. Uridylic acid


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option as cytidine is not a nucleotide. 

On an average, which of the following components has/have the least percentage of the total cellular mass in a cell of a living organism?

  1. Ions

  2. Water

  3. Nucleic acids

  4. Carbohydrates

  5. Proteins


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Ions have the least percentage (1%) of the total cellular mass in a cell of a living organism.

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. An enzyme like any protein has a primary structure. b. There are some ribosomes that behave like enzymes and they are called ribozymes. c. Catabolic pathways lead to the release of energy.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This is a correct option as the statement 'a' and 'b' both false. An enzyme like any protein has the secondary and the tertiary structure.There are some nucleic acids that behave like enzymes and they are called ribozymes.

Which of the following is formed in our skeletal muscles under anaerobic conditions?

  1. Lactic acid

  2. Ethanol

  3. Pyruvic acid

  4. Carbonic anhydrase

  5. Amylase


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Lactic acid is formed in our skeletal muscles under anaerobic conditions.

Which of the following conditions can not affect the activities of an enzyme?

a. Concentration of substrate b. pH c. Humidity

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

This is the correct option as humidity is not a condition that can affect the activities of an enzyme.

Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps involved in the catalytic cycle of an enzyme?

a. The enzyme releases the products of the reaction and the free enzyme is ready to bind to another molecule of the substrate. b. The substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme, fitting into the active site. c. The active site of the enzyme breaks the chemical bonds of the substrate and the new enzyme-product complex is formed. d. The binding of the substrate induces the enzyme to alter its shape, fitting more tightly around the substrate.

  1. b - d - a - c

  2. b - c - d - a

  3. d - b - c - a

  4. b - d - c - a

  5. a - d - c - b


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme, fitting into the active site. The binding of the substrate induces the enzyme to alter its shape, fitting more tightly around the substrate.The active site of the enzyme breaks the chemical bonds of the substrate and the new enzyme-product complex is formed. The enzyme releases the products of the reaction and the free enzyme is ready to bind to another molecule of the substrate.

Match the following:

 
a. Prosthetic groups 1. They form coordination bonds with side chains at the active site and also form one or more coordination bonds with the substrate.
b. Co-enzymes 2. They are organic compounds, but their association with the apoenzyme usually occurs during the course of catalysis.
c. Metal ions 3. They are organic compounds that are tightly bound to the apoenzyme.
  1. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  2. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2

  3. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2

  4. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  5. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Prosthetic groups are organic compounds that are tightly bound to the apoenzyme. Co-enzymes are organic compounds, but their association with the apoenzyme usually occurs during the course of catalysis. Metal ions form coordination bonds with side chains at the active site and also form one or more coordination bonds with the substrate.

Which of the following are substituted purines?

a. Adenine b. Uracil c. Guanine d. Cytosine

  1. Only a and b

  2. Only a and c

  3. Only a and d

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only b and d


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This is the correct option as adenine and guanine are substituted purines.

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